Fluid and Electrolyte NCLEX Questions

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Fluid and Electrolyte NCLEX Questions and Answers Already Passed

A patient is receiving intravenous fluids for rehydration. The nurse notes a serum sodium level of 132 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate?

a) Administer a hypertonic saline solution

b) Administer a hypotonic solution

c) Continue with the current fluid regimen

d) Restrict fluid intake

✔✔ b) Administer a hypotonic solution

A patient with kidney disease is at risk for hyperkalemia. Which of the following interventions is most important to include in the patient's care plan?

a) Restrict fluid intake

b) Monitor serum potassium levels

c) Administer potassium supplements

d) Increase sodium intake

✔✔ b) Monitor serum potassium levels

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A nurse is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with hyponatremia. The nurse should assess the patient for which of the following symptoms?

a) Vomiting

b) Muscle cramps

c) Increased thirst

d) Tachycardia

✔✔ b) Muscle cramps

A patient is admitted with a serum potassium level of 5.8 mEq/L. What should the nurse monitor for?

a) Muscle weakness and arrhythmias

b) Dehydration and confusion

c) Hypertension and weight gain

d) Tachycardia and hyperventilation

✔✔ a) Muscle weakness and arrhythmias

The nurse is caring for a patient with dehydration. Which of the following is the priority assessment for this patient?

a) Heart rate and blood pressure 2 / 4

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b) Respiratory rate and oxygen saturation

c) Serum electrolytes

d) Intake and output

✔✔ a) Heart rate and blood pressure

A patient with metabolic acidosis is being treated with sodium bicarbonate. Which of the following is the expected effect of this intervention?

a) Increase in blood pH

b) Decrease in respiratory rate

c) Decrease in sodium levels

d) Increase in potassium levels

✔✔ a) Increase in blood pH

The nurse is caring for a patient who has received a large amount of fluids intravenously. Which of the following symptoms would indicate fluid overload?

a) Edema and dyspnea

b) Low blood pressure and confusion

c) Dry mucous membranes and fatigue

d) Increased urine output and thirst 3 / 4

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✔✔ a) Edema and dyspnea

A patient with acute kidney injury is being treated for hypercalcemia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate?

a) Administering a calcium supplement

b) Encouraging high-calcium foods

c) Restricting phosphate intake

d) Administering intravenous fluids and diuretics

✔✔ d) Administering intravenous fluids and diuretics

A nurse is caring for a patient with hypomagnesemia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the care plan?

a) Administer magnesium sulfate intravenously

b) Increase calcium intake

c) Administer sodium bicarbonate

d) Encourage potassium-rich foods

✔✔ a) Administer magnesium sulfate intravenously

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