Fluid and Electrolytes NCLEX Questions

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Fluid and Electrolytes NCLEX Questions and Answers Already Passed

A patient with heart failure is at risk for fluid overload. Which symptom is most indicative of this condition?

• Hypotension
• Crackles in the lungs
• Increased urinary output
• Dry skin

✔✔ B. Crackles in the lungs

Which lab result would confirm a diagnosis of hypernatremia?

• Sodium level of 125 mEq/L
• Sodium level of 148 mEq/L
• Sodium level of 135 mEq/L
• Sodium level of 110 mEq/L

✔✔ B. Sodium level of 148 mEq/L

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A patient with a serum potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L is experiencing muscle weakness. Which action should the nurse take first?

• Restrict fluid intake
• Administer a potassium-lowering agent
• Provide potassium-rich foods
• Monitor intake and output

✔✔ B. Administer a potassium-lowering agent

Which intervention is most appropriate for a patient with a serum calcium level of 7.5 mg/dL?

• Administer vitamin D supplements
• Restrict calcium-rich foods
• Encourage weight-bearing exercises
• Provide IV magnesium

✔✔ A. Administer vitamin D supplements

What is a common clinical manifestation of hypomagnesemia?

• Muscle twitching and tremors
• Depressed deep tendon reflexes 2 / 4

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• Hypertension
• Bradycardia

✔✔ A. Muscle twitching and tremors

A patient with severe dehydration has a serum sodium level of 150 mEq/L. Which IV fluid would the nurse anticipate administering?

• 3% sodium chloride
• D5W (5% dextrose in water)
• Lactated Ringer's solution
• 0.9% sodium chloride

✔✔ B. D5W (5% dextrose in water)

A nurse is caring for a patient with metabolic alkalosis. Which finding is most consistent with this diagnosis?

• Deep, rapid respirations
• Slow, shallow respirations
• Muscle cramps
• Nausea and vomiting 3 / 4

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✔✔ B. Slow, shallow respirations

Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly seen in patients with chronic kidney disease?

• Hypokalemia
• Hyperphosphatemia
• Hypernatremia
• Hypocalcemia

✔✔ B. Hyperphosphatemia

A patient with prolonged diarrhea is at risk for which acid-base imbalance?

• Metabolic alkalosis
• Metabolic acidosis
• Respiratory acidosis
• Respiratory alkalosis

✔✔ B. Metabolic acidosis

A nurse is assessing a patient with hypokalemia. Which finding is most likely?

• Increased muscle tone
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