FREE AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT SOCIOLOGY TEST 4

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FREE AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT SOCIOLOGY TEST 4

Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation

This Exam contains:

-Guarantee passing score -34 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation

Question 1: Shaming

Answer:

A way of punishing criminal and deviant behavior based on rituals of public disapproval rather than incarceration. The goal of shaming is to maintain the ties of the offender to the community.

Question 2: Gender and crime

Answer:

Men are more likely to be both perpetrators and victims of crime and to be incarcerated. Ties to children and others may prevent women from engaging in deviant acts.

Question 3: Policing

Answer:

A way to detect and manage risks of crimes

Question 4: Differential association

Answer:

An interpretation of the development of criminal behavior proposed by Edwin H. Sutherland, according to whom criminal behavior is learned through association with others who regularly engage in crime.

Question 5: Sociological view of deviance

Answer:

Locate deviance in the act. Typically focus on deviant behavior (deviance).

Question 6: Reinforment theories

Answer:

Behavior is learned, and deviant behavior is no exception. We all learn, sometimes from a very early age, which behaviors will be rewarded, which punished, and which merely tolerated.

Question 7: Functions of deviance

Answer:

Recognizing what is deviant helps us know what is considered right or wrong in our culture. For individuals, punishments are not only to sanction the guilty but also to warn potential offenders.

Question 8: Conflict theory

Answer:

Argument that deviance is deliberately chosen and often political in nature.

Question 9: Target hardening

Answer:

Practical measures used to limit a criminal's ability to commit crime, such as community policing and use of house alarms.

Question 10: Secondary deviance

Answer:

According to Edwin Lemert, following the act of primary deviance, secondary deviation occurs when an individual accepts the label of deviant and acts accordingly.

Question 11: New criminology

Answer:

A branch of criminological thought that regarded deviance as deliberately chosen and often political in nature. The new criminologists argued that crime and deviance could be understood only in the context of power and inequality within society.

Question 12: Uniform crime reports

Answer:

Documents that contain official data on crime that is reported to law enforcement agencies that then provide the data to the FBI.

Question 13: Sub-cultural explanations

Answer:

subcultural groups that adopt norms that encourage or reward criminal behavior. An example is gangs

Question 14: Durkheim

Answer:

theorists who thought quite a bit about deviance. He thought some amount was normal and necessary to all societies.

Question 15: Crime and community

Answer:

Even a small act of crime, disorder, and vandalism can threaten a neighborhood and render it unsafe.

Question 16: Control theory

Answer:

A theory that views crime as the outcome of an imbalance between impulses toward criminal activity and controls that deter it. Control theorists hold that criminals are rational beings who will act to maximize their own reward unless they render unable.

Question 17: Male and female crime rates

Answer:

93% of males are in jail 7% of females are in jail. Mostly men commit crimes and females rather don't get caught or they do and are in jail for public order offenses

Question 18: Anomie

Answer:

A concept first brought into wide usage in sociology by Durkheim, referring to a situation in which social norms lose their hold over individual behavior.

Question 19: Prison population

Answer:

37.8 % black people 33.6% white 22.8% hispanic 47.7 violent offenders 21.7 drug offenders 16.7 property offenders 13.4 public order offenders

Question 20: White-collar crime

Answer:

Criminal activities carried out by those in white collar, or professional jobs.

Question 21: The mark of a criminal record

Answer:

Once you go to jail for anything, it is hard to get a job or become a part of society again.

Question 22: Costs of crime

Answer:

Imprisonment costs almost $29,000 per year per inmate

Question 23: Primary deviance

Answer:

According to Edwin Lemert, the actions that cause others to label one as a deviant.

Question 24: Crime rates

Answer:

data from 1985 to 2012 illustrates the decline of crime rates throughout the 1990s then relative stabilization thereafter.

Question 25: Corporate crime

Answer:

Offenses committed by large corporations in society, including pollution, false advertising, and violations of health and safety regulations.

Question 26: Symbolic interactionist Approaches

Answer:

Labeling theory Primary deviance Secondary deviance