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FREE RADIOLOGY AND STUDY GAMES ABOUT CHAPTER 3
QUIZ EXAM QUESTIONS
Actual Qs and Ans Expert-Verified Explanation
This Exam contains:
-Guarantee passing score -36 Questions and Answers -format set of multiple-choice -Expert-Verified Explanation
Question 1: Of the stages of accumulate , which is the most radiosensitive?
Answer:
Telophase Question 2: Which portion of the cell survival curve proves that some damage must accumulate before death can occur?
Answer:
Shoulder Question 3: What is the measure of the capacity of a specific ionizing radiation to produce a specific biological effect, expressed relative to a reference radiation, such as radium gamma rays or 200-volt x-rays
Answer:
Relative Biologic Effectiveness(RBE) Question 4: What are considered to be the most radioresistant phases of the cell cycle?
Answer:
Mid-to Late S-phase
Question 5: What occurs if the initial ionizing incident takes place on a distant noncritical molecule, which then transfers the ionization of energy to another molecule?
Answer:
Indirect Interaction Question 6: What refers to the enhancement of therapeutic or detrimental effect of ionizing radiation due to the presence of oxygen?
Answer:
Oxygen Enhancement Ratio(OER)
Question 7: Nonthreshold
Answer:
Assumes that any radiation dose produces an effect Question 8: According to the target theory, what is considered to be the critical target in the cell?
Answer:
DNA Question 9: What is used to describe cell damage from radiation that is not sufficient to kill the cell?
Answer:
Sublethal Dose Question 10: Irradiation of macromolecules may result in disturbance of single chemical bonds,
which create molecular lesions, also known as:
Answer:
Point Lesions Question 11: Cells which are considered highly radiosensitive include:
Answer:
Lymphocytes, Spermatagonia, Erythroblasts, and Intestinal Crypt Cells
Question 12: What is considered to be the most radiosensitive phases of the cell cycle?
Answer:
G1 into early S-Phase Question 13: The primary effect of irradiating macromolecules in vitro include:
Answer:
Main-Chain Scission, Cross-Linking, Point Lesions Question 14: The term _____ is used to describe the effects of radiation on cells that are
adjacent to those directly affected by radiation:
Answer:
Bystander Effects Question 15: What is a measure of the energy transferred to material as an ionizing particle travels through it? This measure is used to quantify the effects of ionizing radiation on biological specimens.
Answer:
Linear Energy Transfer(LET) Question 16: Undifferentiated, precursor, or stem cells are other names for:
Answer:
Immature Cells
Question 17: What is considered to be the most radiosensitive part of a cell?
Answer:
Nucleus Question 18: Cell death which occurs before mitosis is termed:
Answer:
Interphase Death Question 19: What is said to occur when an original ionizing event occurs directly on that
macromolecule,e.g. DNA:
Answer:
Direct Interaction
Question 20: The breakdown of water using radiation is termed:
Answer:
Radiolysis
Question 21: As Linear Energy Transfer(LET) increases, how is Relative Biologic
Effectiveness(RBE) affected?
Answer:
With an increase in LET, RBE also increases Question 22: What creates a stickiness on a macromolecule, causing it to connect to another macromolecule, or to another section of the same molecule
Answer:
Cross-Linking Question 23: hat is most commonly acted upon directly by ionizing radiation to produce indirect effects?
Answer:
Water Question 24: The type of irradiation damage most likely to cause abnormalities in base sequences, and thus cell mutation, would be?
Answer:
Base Damage
Question 25: How does oxygen retention affect cell radiosensitivity?
Answer:
Increases Radiosensitivity Question 26: A graphical representation of the relationship between radiation dose and observed response, in which any dose may have a potential effect, and there is a direct
relationship between dose and effect:
Answer:
Linear Dose-Response Curve
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