Fundamentals of Early

Test Bank For Fundamentals of Early Childhood Education 9 th Edition George S. Morrison Mary Jean Woika Loraine Breffni Prepared by Loraine Breffni Mary Jean Woika 1 / 4

iii Copyright © 2020, 2017, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Table of Contents

1. You and Early Childhood Education:

Becoming a Professional 1

• Understanding and Responding to Current Issues

Contemporary Influences on Teaching and Learning 5

3. History and Theories:

Foundations for Teaching and Learning 9

4. Implementing Early Childhood Programs:

Applying Theories to Practice 13

5. Observing and Assessing Young Children:

Guiding, Teaching, and Learning 17

• Technology Today

Children, Families, and You 21

7. Infants and Toddlers:

Critical Years for Learning 25

8. The Preschool Years:

Getting Ready for School and Life 29

9. Kindergarten Today:

Meeting Academic and Developmental Needs 33

• The Early Elementary Grades: One Through Three:

Preparation for Life 37

• Educating Children with Diverse Needs

Ensuring Each Child Learn 41

12. Guiding Children’s Behavior:

Helping Children Be Their Best 45

13. Parents, Families, and the Community:

Building Partnerships for Student Success 49

Answer Key 53 2 / 4

1 Copyright © 2020, 2017, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.Chapter 1

You and Early Childhood Education: Becoming a Professional

Chapter 1 Multiple Choice Items: Choose the correct answer to each question.

• As an early childhood educator, it is important for you to have intentional goals that

include promoting child development, teaching and learning and:

• academic discipline.
• building family and community relationships.
• establishing yourself as an authoritarian figure.
• participating in group discussions.

• Richardo has recently earned the Child Development Associate (CDA) credential. Given

his new qualification he will be mostly likely seek employment as a:

• first grade teacher in an elementary school.
• middle school science teacher.
• caregiver in a center-based preschool program.
• teacher of children with special needs in a public school.

• The principal of Jenet Garcia’s elementary school requires that all teachers post their

philosophy of education on the notice board inside their classrooms for parents and students to see. Jenet is unsure about what a philosophy of education is. Which of the following describes a philosophy of education?

• A set of beliefs about how children develop and learn.
• A set of instructions about when to teach content.
• A set of non-negotiable rules to teach by.
• A set of rules for students to follow in the classroom.

• Jenet approaches the school principle and asks him why she needs to develop a

philosophy of education. The principal explains that a philosophy of education is

important because:

• it advances physical and intellectual competence among students.
• it promotes positive and productive relationships among families and

communities.

• it serves to guide and directs daily teaching and classroom practices with children.
• it provides a statement about a teacher’s commitment to the school.

• Aika Lee is a new teacher in an infant classroom. Her early childhood program prides

itself on both partnering with families and being responsive to children’s needs. A parent instructs Aika to feed her four-month-old infant every four hours regardless of whether the infant seems hungry. Aika wants to follow the parent’s request but three hours after his last bottle, the infant is clearly hungry and cries loudly. Aika is challenged by the predicament on whether to follow the parent’s request or respond to the infant’s cues.

She is facing a (an):

• reflective situation.
• cognitive problem. 3 / 4

2 Copyright © 2020, 2017, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

• dispositional situation.
• ethical dilemma.

• Monique invites a colleague to observe and provide feedback on her kindergarten

classroom. The colleague videotapes and reviews Monique’s teaching to improve instruction. They are being ________ practitioners.

• reflective
• anti-biased
• respectful
• inclusive

• Professional dispositions are important for professional practice. The most important

disposition is:

• knowing content.
• caring.
• following standards.
• lifelong learning.

• At the preschool Open House, a parent asks Smyrna Hernandez to explain

developmentally appropriate practice (DAP) and what it looks like in the classroom.

Smyrna states that in DAP teachers:

• facilitate play experiences that match the developmental level of their play.
• complete worksheets to assess learning.
• teach math facts through memorization.
• instruct students in reading groups by ability.

• Sam Wong recently became director of a child care center. He conducted an

environmental survey of purchasing practices for the upkeep of the school building. We can surmise that Sam was interested in a ________ environment for the children.

• challenging
• respectful
• supportive
• healthy

• Patrice Checketts is concerned about new legislation removing healthy lunch guidelines

for school lunches. She is worried that children’s health will suffer. Patrice writes a letter to the state legislator asking her to support a new bill re-introducing healthy meal

guidelines at school. Her actions are an example of:

• reflective practice.
• collaborative practice.
• advocacy.
• citizenship.
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