Health, Fitness, and Wellness - C458

Health, Fitness, and Wellness - C458 Leave the first rating Students also studied Terms in this set (117) Save Health, Fitness, and Wellness C458 ...62 terms krissy90220Preview Health Fitness, and Wellness C458 192 terms savannahhemphill0901 Preview SEL Scenarios - WGU - Health, Fitne...Teacher 32 terms Stephanie6954 Preview WGU C 319 term tjam Structures of the Skeletal System:· Joint-two bones that come together at a joint, which vary in type, allows for movement · Cartilage- a tough but flexible tissue that covers the ends of bones · Ligament- connective tissue that binds one bone to another.· Tendons- connective tissues that attaches to the bone. Aides in movement of bone or structure.striated muscle· (skeletal muscle)-moves all bones, controls facial expressions, and eye movements.smooth muscle· (visceral muscle) lines the walls of the internal organs, such as the intestines.cardiac muscle· (unique) is a combination of striated and smooth muscle.central nervous system(brain and spinal cord)- messages travel through the spinal cord to the brain, and the brain in response directs all functions for the body peripheral nervous systemconsists of all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. They relay messages between the CNS and other areas of the body, including sensory organs.Respiratory system key structures and organs· consists of lungs, passageways for air flow, blood vessels, and muscles.· They work together to bring oxygen into the body and expel carbon dioxide, that is produced during metabolism.· Lungs-primary organ- which exchange gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) during breathing.upper respiratory tractnose, pharynx (throat), and larynx (voice box) lower respiratory tract· trachea, (windpipe), bronchial tree, and lungs

Respirationevents that deliver oxygen into the body followed by the transfer of carbon dioxide out of the body. This occurs in tiny air sacks called alveoli.Respiratory Processoxygen is delivered from the air through the respiratory passages into the air sacks in the lungs. Oxygen move int the blood in the capillaries. Carbon dioxide moves from blood to air sacks through respiratory passages and is expelled through mouth or nose.cardiovascular systemconsists of heart and blood vessels; The heart is a pump that has four chambers: two upper chambers and two lower chambers; Two categories of blood vessels- arteries and veins; Arteries- carry blood away from the heart to the body tissues; Veins-carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart; ARTERY BLOOD VESSELS- muscles on left of heart pump take blood out of the heart through the AORTA (largest artery) circulationprovides supply of nutrients and oxygen to the body's cells through the flow of blood.digestive systems functionFour functions-ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination digestive system organsMouth-food broken down by teeth and saliva Esophagus- tube 9-10 inches long connected to stomach Stomach-helps digest food, by mixing it with digestive juices and churning it into a thin liquid Small intestine- absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream Large Intestine-Undigested food and fluids that exit small intestine, creates stool Anus- stool is eliminated after it passes from large intestine into the rectum Accessory organs-salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas urinary system functionBalance's fluids in body by stimulating thirst and producing, storing, and eliminating urine.urinary system organs1) Kidney- filters waste products (urea, uric, acid) from bloodstream and removes the products in form of urine so that they don't become wasteful to body. It also reabsorbs fluids and other substances back to the bloodstream, so body doesn't lose too much water and essential salts.2) Ureter-connected to kidneys, urine flows out of kidney through ureter 3) Bladder-holding reservoir for urine 4) Urethra- when urine start to flow it travels through it and expelled from body.Female (1-2 in) Male (8 in.) immune system(lymphatic system) is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend and protect the body against foreign invaders that can cause sickness and disease.white blood cells (leukocytes)it's job is to find and destroy bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi, and substances that appear foreign and harmful.

integumentary system functions1) Protects from environment-deeper tissue from loss of water, salts, heat, and prevents bacteria from entering body 2) Encloses-cover and protects fibers that send messages of pain, temperature, pressure, and touch to brain 3) Lubrication-Two types of glands that produce sebum and sweat. Sebum-oily.endocrine systemSends chemical messages (signals) called hormones reproductive systemproduce, nourish, and transport either egg or sperm.top ten deadliest diseasesCoronary artery diseases, stroke, lower respiratory infections like the flu, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, respiratory cancers, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer disease and other dementias, diarrheal diseases that result in dehydration, tuberculosis, and cirrhosis.four main types of germsBacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites

Transmitted by: Direct contact, Indirect contact, bites, and contamination.

Common cold symptomswatery eyes, nasal and chest congestion, sneezing, sore or scratchy throat Flu symptomsfatigue, muscle stiffness, coughs, sore throat, and nasal congestion, headaches, high fever Mononucleosis(mono) symptomsfatigue, swollen lymph nodes in neck and armpits, swollen tonsils, sore throat, soft swollen spleen fever, headache, skin rash Meningitis symptomsCommon virial. Can cause stroke, hearing loss, and brain damage. Bacterial- rare, but deadly because it can harm other organs in the body. Enters through mouth.MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) symptoms resistant to most antibodies, fever, red bumps or rash on skin or infected area that might be swollen, painful, warm to touch, full of pus or other drainage cold sores (fever blisters)small hard spot, on cheek or lip, fluid blisters, tingling and itching, oozing, crusting.Liceitching near scalp, neck and ears, small lice on scalp, lice eggs (nits on hair shafts).chicken pox (varicella)itchy rash that turns into fluid-filled blisters and eventually scabs, headache, tiredness, loss of appetite.Measels (Rubeola)blotchy red rash starting at head and moving to body, tiny white spots in mouth, fever, cough, runny nose, pink eye, feeling achy.STIs/STDsSore or bumps on genitals, mouth or anus, painful or burning urination, discharge from penis, unusual or odd smelling vaginal discharge, pain during sex, sore swollen lymph nodes, lower abdominal pain, fever, rash Hepatitisinflammation of the liver

Cancercaused by an overgrowth of abnormal cells. Risk factors include diet, obesity, exposure to sunlight and chemicals, and tobacco use or exposure Epilepsyaffects the brain and nervous system, causing violent muscle spasms and possible loss of consciousness. It is caused by anything that affects the brain circuit activity, such as head trauma hypertension (HTN)affects the blood vessels and is a risk factor for other chronic conditions. Chances of having this condition increase if an individual is overweight, does not exercise regularly, and eats foods high in salt.type 2 diabetesdiagnosed when the blood glucose levels are too high coronary artery diseasethe first sign of this disease is a heart attack. There are controllable risk factors, such as smoking and diet, and uncontrollable risk factors, such as age, gender, and family history.Asthmarespiratory condition makes it difficult to breathe strokeoccurs when there is a loss of blood flow to part of the brain, causing loss of movement and muscle functioning to one side of the body exercisea form of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive, and performed with the goal of improving health or fitness components of fitnessFive Components- cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, body composition Steps to avoid injuryDrowning- learn life-saving skills, fence it off, life jacket a must, be on the lookout.Poison- lock poisons up and away, know the number, read the label, don't keep it if you don't need it.Fires and Burns- be alarmed, have an escape plan, cook with care, check the water heater temperature.Falls-play safe, make your home safer.Biking and Skateboarding- bicycle helmet, wear fluorescent clothes, retro- reflective can make biker visible at night, light on bicycles. Skateboard- helmet knee and elbow pads, and wrist guards Sleep-wake homeostasisthe automatic process that maintains the body's internal stability. (keeps tract of the body's need for sleep) circadian rhythminternal 24-hour sleep cycle that helps the body regulate activities, like sleep.Stage 1 of sleep cycletransition between wakefulness and sleep. Body drifts from being awake to being asleep