Heart Failure NCLEX Questions and Answers New Update 2023

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Heart Failure NCLEX Questions and Answers New Update 2023

• 1.

• What is not one of the main symptoms of heart failure?
• A.

Shortness of breath

• B.

Warm hands

• C.

Reduced urinary output

• D.

Edema

• E.

None of the above Correct Answer

• Warm hands

Explanation Warm hands is not one of the main symptoms of heart failure. The main symptoms of heart failure include shortness of breath, reduced urinary output, and edema. Warm hands may be a symptom of other conditions, but it is not typically associated with heart failure.

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• 2.

What is/are not a primary cause of heart failure?

• A.

Cardiomyopathy

• B.

High blood pressure

• C.

Coronary artery disease

• D.

Diabetes

• E.

Polio

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Correct Answer

• Polio

Explanation Polio is not a primary cause of heart failure. Heart failure is commonly caused by conditions such as cardiomyopathy, high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, and diabetes. Polio is a viral infection that primarily affects the nervous system, causing muscle weakness and paralysis. While polio can lead to long-term complications, including respiratory and musculoskeletal issues, it is not directly linked to heart failure.

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• 3.

One of the biggest problems people with heart failure have is excess consumption of sodium because salt can exacerbate fluid retention. Which food had the highest sodium content?

• A.

One teaspoon baking soda

• B.

A teaspoon of salt

• C.

A saltine cracker

• D.
• oz of Canadian bacon
• E.

A dill pickle Correct Answer

• A teaspoon of salt

Explanation The correct answer is a teaspoon of salt. Salt is known to have a high sodium content, and excessive consumption of sodium can worsen fluid retention in people with heart failure.Baking soda, saltine crackers, Canadian bacon, and dill pickles may also contain sodium, but they are not likely to have as high of a sodium content as a teaspoon of salt.

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• 4.

Medications are an important component of treatment in heart failure. Which of these is not prescribed routinely for heart failure?

• A.

ACE inhibitor

• B.

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Diuretics

• C.

Pantoprazole

• D.

Digoxin

• E.

Benzodiazepeine Correct Answer(s)

• Pantoprazole
• Benzodiazepeine

Explanation Pantoprazole and Benzodiazepines are not routinely prescribed for heart failure.Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to reduce stomach acid production and treat conditions such as acid reflux, while benzodiazepines are a class of drugs used to treat anxiety and insomnia. In contrast, ACE inhibitors, diuretics, and digoxin are commonly prescribed for heart failure. ACE inhibitors help relax blood vessels, diuretics help remove excess fluid from the body, and digoxin helps strengthen the heart muscle.

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• 5.

What is the name for shortness of breath when lying down?

• A.

Orthopnea

• B.

Apnea

• C.

Sleep apnea

• D.

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

• E.

Narcolepsy Correct Answer

• Orthopnea

Explanation Orthopnea is the correct answer because it refers to the medical condition characterized by shortness of breath when lying down. This condition often occurs due to fluid accumulation in the lungs, making it difficult to breathe in a horizontal position. Unlike

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sleep apnea and narcolepsy, which are sleep-related disorders, orthopnea specifically relates to difficulty breathing while lying down. Apnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea are not the correct answers as they refer to different respiratory conditions.

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• 6.

What term refers to damage of the heart muscle due to inadequate blood flow?

• A.

Non-ischemic cardiomyopathy

• B.

Dilated cardiomyopathy

• C.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

• D.

Ischemic cardiomyopathy

• E.

Cardioplegia Correct Answer

• Ischemic cardiomyopathy

Explanation Ischemic cardiomyopathy refers to the damage of the heart muscle caused by inadequate blood flow. This condition occurs when the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart, become narrowed or blocked, leading to reduced blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle. As a result, the heart muscle becomes weakened and may not pump blood effectively, leading to symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue.Ischemic cardiomyopathy is commonly associated with coronary artery disease and can increase the risk of heart failure and other complications.

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• 7.

You listen to the heart of your 50 year old patient. You hear an S3 sound. What is the likely diagnosis?

• A.

Patent ductus arteriosis

• B.

Aortic stenosis

• C.