Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Chapter 1 - Ethics and Ethical Reasoning

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Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

• What kind of judgment are we making if we say that a piece of art is worthless?
• Ethical
• Aesthetic
• Legal
• Custom

• What kind of judgment are we making when we say that we ought to stand when the Queen enters the room?
• Ethical
• Aesthetic
• Legal
• Custom

• What type of ethics holds than an act is never justified by its consequences, and that an end is never justified by the

means?

• Utilitarianism
• Teleology
• Deontology
• Virtue ethics

• If we say that an act is wrong because we “just know” naturally or instinctively, what kind of philosophical reasoning

are we using?

• Intuitionism
• Emotivism
• Objectivism
• Subjectivism

• If we say an act is right if it is right for the actor, what kind of reasoning are we using?
• Intuitionism
• Emotivism
• Subjectivism
• Objectivism

• Which of the following is not important to making a good argument?
• The structure of the argument
• The conclusion follows from the premises
• The argument leads to the right conclusion
• The argument has internal logic

• Ethical theory does which of the following?
• Proves an argument to be right or wrong
• Shows people how they should act
• Agrees with legal decisions
• Provides reasons for judging actions

(Ethics Theory and Contemporary Issues, 10e Barbara MacKinnon, Barbara MacKinnon) (Test Bank Latest Edition 2023-24, Grade A+, 100% Verified) 1 / 4

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Chapter 1 - Ethics and Ethical Reasoning

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• What is another name for a good argument?
• A correct argument
• A sound argument
• A winning argument
• A fair argument

• What are the reasons supporting a conclusion in an argument called?
• Ethical principles
• Ad hominems
• Valid forms
• Premises

• Which of the following means that we should not derive an ought from an is?
• Naturalistic fallacy
• Natural law
• Subjectivism
• Emotivism

• Through what kind of judgment do we state factual beliefs?
• Normative
• Emotional
• Descriptive
• Opinion

• What does it mean to anthropomorphize?
• Assigning human qualities to non-humans
• Only humans have motives
• Require animals to conform to human law
• Animals do not need to be treated morally

• Which type of ethics would an anthropologist or other social scientists be most likely to develop?
• Analytical
• Normative
• Descriptive
• Critical

• What kind of ethics defends a thesis about what is good, right, or just?
• Normative
• Metaethics
• Relativism
• Metaphysics

• Richard Dawkins’ selfish gene hypothesis understands human beings in what way? 2 / 4

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• Extrinsically
• Intrinsically
• Epistemologically
• Instrumentally

• The intrinsic value of a thing is what kind of fact about that thing?
• Subjective
• Objective
• Aesthetic
• Utilitarian

• According to Ruse, what is used by evolution as an instrumental good?
• History
• Society
• Morality
• Economy

• Which of the following begins a conclusion statement in an argument?
• If
• Since
• Because
• Therefore

• When we make a personal attack in an argument, this is what kind of fallacy?
• Begging the question
• Ad hominem fallacy
• Naturalistic fallacy
• Circular argument

• If two cases are similar in relevant ways, we can use them for what kind of argument?
• Naturalistic
• Circular
• Argument from analogy
• Evolutionary

• If we say that students ought not cheat on exams because grades would then not mean anything, what kind of

philosophical reasoning are we using?

• Deontological
• Virtue ethics
• Consequentialist
• Feminist

• What is not a component of an act?
• Motive 3 / 4

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• Act
• Consequence
• Judgment

• What does telos mean?
• Duty
• End
• Knowledge
• Morality

• Which ethical theory functions as a critical lens for looking at normative ethics?
• Virtue ethics
• Teleology
• Deontology
• Feminism

• Which philosopher said, “All evil is ignorance”?
• John Stuart Mill
• David Hume
• Aristotle
• Plato

• Who argues that incest is natural (in the animal world) and yet we condemn it?
• Hume
• Mills
• Plato
• Dawkins

• Some philosophers believe that what kind of oughts should override all other oughts?
• Legal
• Religious
• Moral
• Customary

• If we say that two articles of clothing ought not be worn together, what kind of judgment are we making?
• Legal
• Aesthetic
• Religious
• Custom

• Leon Kass argues that there is moral wisdom in what experience?
• Love
• Disgust
• Anger
• / 4