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Test Bank for Essentials of Research in Criminal Justice and Criminology Third Edition Frank E. Hagan 1 / 4
1
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINAL JUSTICE RESEARCH METHODS:
THEORY AND METHOD
True/False
- According to the text, most criminal justice research
findings are simply a matter of "common sense" . T / F
Answer: F
Page Number: 3
Level: Basic
- Our basic approach to criminal justice research in this
course is supportive of the view that prediction is useless or impossible since all individuals are unique. T / F
Answer: F
Page Number: 5
Level: Basic
- Most of the research methods employed in criminal justice
are borrowed from and shared with the other social sciences.T / F
Answer: F
Page Number: 6
Level: Basic
- Error is ever present even in the best of research in
criminal justice. T / F
Answer: T
Page Number: 9
Level: Basic
- Generally, theory is concerned with questions of "why"
while methodology deals with "what is". T / F
Answer: T
Page Number: 10
Level: Basic
- It is standard practice in research to refer to the variable
one wishes to predict as being the dependent or outcome variable. T / F
Answer: T
Page Number: 19
Level: Basic 2 / 4
2
- It is essential that all research projects follow the same
specific steps and be quantitative in nature. T / F
Answer: T
Page Number: 22
Level: Basic
- Researchers universally agree that quantitative research
is the only valid form of research. T / F
Answer: F
Page Number: 16
Level: Basic
- "Pure research" is a higher form of research than "applied
research”. T / F
Answer: F
Page Number: 12
Level: Basic
- Theory is as necessary in the production of valid criminal
justice research as method. T / F
Answer: T
Page Number: 9
Level: Basic
- Most criminal justice textbooks are overly theoretical and
lack an applied quality. T / F
Answer: F
Page Number: 10
Level: Basic
- Concepts are converted into variables through operationali -
zation. T / F
Answer: T
Page Number: 18
Level: Basic
- The null hypothesis is the predicted expected relationship
and cannot be tested. T / F
Answer: F
Page Number: 20
Level: Basic
- The dependent variable is the variable one is attempting to
predict. T / F
Answer: T 3 / 4
3
Page Number: 19
Level: Basic
- A deductive process proceeds from general theories to
specific facts. T / F
Answer: T
Page Number: 20
Level: Basic
- Methodological narcissists avoid subjects which do not lend
themselves to their favored method. T / F
Answer: T
Page Number: 9
Level: Basic
- Theory devoid of method is preferable to method devoid of
theory. T / F
Answer: F
Page Number: 12
Level: Basic
- Those concerned with good research should be objective,
vigilant, and sympathetic. T / F
Answer: T
Page Number: 9
Level: Basic
- Martinson later retracted his "nothing works" critique of
corrections research. T / F
Answer: T
Page Number: 8
Level: Basic
- Martinson’s review of criminal justice programs concluded
that “nothing works”. T / F
Answer: T
Page Number: 8
Level: Basic
- In predicting general patterns social scientists deal in
probabilities and do not expect these patterns to hold in each and every case. T / F
Answer: T
Page Number: 8
Level: Basic
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