is essential to the success of the course. Students in the course build a basic, static

1 Solution Manual to Programming the World Wide Web Eighth Edition R.W. Sebesta All Chapters/Supplement files download link at the end of this file. 1 / 4

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languages and technologies in one semester. A heavy load of programming exercises is essential to the success of the course. Students in the course build a basic, static Web site, using only HTML as the first assignment. Throughout the remainder of the semester, they add features to their site as the new technologies are introduced in the course. Our students' prior course work in Java and data structures, as well as C and assembly language, is helpful, as is the fact that many of them have learned some HTML on their own before taking the course.The most important prerequisite to the material of this book is a solid background in programming in some language that supports object-oriented programming. It is helpful to have some knowledge of a second programming language and a bit of UNIX, particularly if a UNIX-based Web server is used for the course. Familiarity with a second language makes learning the new languages easier.

Table of Contents Chapter 1 lays the groundwork for the rest of the book. A few fundamentals are introduced, including the history and nature of the Internet, the World Wide Web, browsers, servers, URLs, MIME types, and HTTP. Also included in Chapter 1 are brief overviews of the most important topics of the rest of the book.Chapter 2 provides an introduction to HTML, including images, links, lists, tables, forms, the audio and video elements, the organizational elements, and the time element. Small examples are used to illustrate many of the HTML elements that are discussed in this chapter. A discussion of the parts of HTML5 that are now widely supported is included.The topic of Chapter 3 is cascading style sheets, which provide the standard way of imposing style on the content specified in HTML tags. Because of the size and complexity of the topic, the chapter does not cover all of the aspects of style sheets.The topics discussed are levels of style sheets, style specification formats, selector formats, property values, and color. Among the properties covered are those for fonts, lists, and margins. Small examples are used to illustrate the subjects that are discussed.Chapter 4 introduces the core of JavaScript, a powerful language that could be used for a variety of different applications. Our interest, of course, is its use in Web programming. Although JavaScript has become a large and complex language, we use the student's knowledge of programming in other languages to leverage the discussion, thereby providing a useful introduction to the language in a manageably small number of pages. Topics covered are the object model of JavaScript, its control statements, objects, arrays, functions, constructors, and pattern matching.Chapter 5 discusses some of the features of JavaScript that are related to HTML documents. Included is the use of the basic and DOM 2 event and event-handling model, which can be used in conjunction with some of the elements of HTML documents. The HTML canvas element also is described.One of the interesting applications of JavaScript is building dynamic HTML documents with the Document Object Model (DOM). Chapter 6 provides descriptions of a collection of some of the changes that can be made to documents with the use of JavaScript and the DOM. Included are positioning elements; moving elements; changing the visibility of elements; changing the color, style, and size of text; changing the content of tags; changing the stacking order of overlapped elements; moving elements slowly; and dragging and dropping elements.Chapter 7 presents an introduction to XML, which provides the means to design topic-specific markup languages that can be shared among users with common 2 / 4

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interests. Included are the syntax and document structure used by XML, namespaces, XML schemas, and the display of XML documents with both cascading style sheets and XML transformations. Also included is an introduction to Web services and XML processors.Chapter 8 introduces the Flash authoring environment, which is used to create a wide variety of visual and audio presentations—in particular, those that include animation. A series of examples is used to illustrate the development processes, including drawing figures, creating text, using color, creating motion and shape animations, adding sound tracks to presentations, and designing components that allow the user to control the Flash movie.Chapter 9 introduces PHP, a server-side scripting language that enjoys wide popularity, especially as a database access language for Web applications. The basics of the language are discussed, as well as the use of cookies and session tracking. The use of PHP as a Web database access language is covered in Chapter 13.Chapter 10 introduces Ajax, the relatively recent technology that is used to build Web applications with extensive user interactions that are more efficient than those same applications if they do not use Ajax. In addition to a thorough introduction to the concept and implementation of Ajax interactions, the chapter includes discussions of return document forms, Ajax toolkits, and Ajax security. Several examples are used to illustrate approaches to using Ajax.Java Web software is discussed in Chapter 11. The chapter introduces the mechanisms for building Java servlets and gives several examples of how servlets can be used to present interactive Web documents. The NetBeans framework is introduced and used throughout the chapter. Support for cookies in servlets is presented and illustrated with an example. Then JSP is introduced through a series of examples, including the use of code-behind files. This discussion is followed by an examination of JavaBeans and JavaServer Faces, along with examples to illustrate their use.Chapter 12 is an introduction to ASP.NET, although it begins with a brief introduction to the .NET Framework and C#. ASP.NET Web controls and some of the events they can raise and how those events can be handled are among the topics discussed in this chapter. ASP.NET AJAX is also discussed. Finally, constructing Web services with ASP.NET is introduced. Visual Studio is introduced and used to develop all ASP.NET examples.Chapter 13 provides an introduction to database access through the Web. This chapter includes a brief discussion of the nature of relational databases, architectures for database access, the structured query language (SQL), and the free database

system MySQL. Then, three approaches to Web access to databases are discussed:

using PHP, using Java JDBC, and using ASP.NET. All three are illustrated with complete examples. All of the program examples in the chapter use MySQL.Chapter 14 introduces the development of Android applications. The basics of view documents, which are written in an XML-based markup language, and activities, which are written in a form of Java, are introduced. Several relatively simple examples are used to illustrate this new approach to building Web applications for mobile devices.Chapter 15 introduces the Ruby programming language. Included are the scalar types and their operations, control statements, arrays, hashes, methods, classes, code blocks and iterators, and pattern matching. There is, of course, much more to Ruby, but the chapter includes sufficient material to allow the student to use Ruby for building simple programs and Rails applications.Chapter 16 introduces the Rails framework, designed to make the construction of 3 / 4

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Web applications relatively quick and easy. Covered are simple document requests, both static and dynamic, and applications that use databases, including the use of scaffolding.Appendix A introduces Java to those who have experience with C++ and object- oriented programming, but who do not know Java. Such students can learn enough of the language from this appendix to allow them to understand the Java applets, servlets, JSP, and JDBC that appear in this book.Appendix B is a list of 140 named colors, along with their hexadecimal codings.

Support Materials Supplements for the book are available at the Pearson Web site www.pearsonhighered.com/sebesta . Support materials available to all readers of this book include • A set of lecture notes in the form of PowerPoint files. The notes were developed to be the basis for class lectures on the book material.• Source code for examples Additional support material, including solutions to selected exercises and figures from the book, are available only to instructors adopting this textbook for classroom use. Contact your school's Pearson Education representative for information on obtaining access to this material, or visit pearsonhighered.com.

Software Availability Most of the software systems described in this book are available free to students.These systems include browsers that provide interpreters for JavaScript and parsers for XML. Also, PHP, Ruby, and Java language processors, the Rails framework, the Java class libraries to support servlets, the Java JDBC, and the Android Development system, are available and free. ASP.NET is supported by the .NET software available from Microsoft. The Visual Web Developer 2010, a noncommercial version of Visual Studio, is available free from Microsoft. A free 30-day trial version of the Flash development environment is available from Adobe.

Differences between the Seventh Edition and the Eighth Edition

The eighth edition of this book differs from the seventh in the following ways:

Descriptions of the url, email, and range attributes of the input element were added to Chapter 2.Descriptions of four new selectors, first-child, last-child, only- child, and empty, were added to Chapter 3.The description of the canvas element was increased from a paragraph to 3 ½ pages and three new figures were added to Chapter 5.A new section was added to Chapter 7, titled Uses of XML, which briefly describes some of the many areas in which XML has been used. Section 7.4, titled Document Type Definitions, was deleted in its entirety.

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