IVCA OPTIONS FOR ANIMALS EXAM ACTUAL

IVCA OPTIONS FOR ANIMALS EXAM ACTUAL /

QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS

muscle or ligament problems - ---Answers---Long backed horses are prone to

vertebral problems - ---Answers---Short back horses are prone to

impingement of spinous processes upon one another - --- Answers---kissing spines

T12-T17 - ---Answers---most common area for kissing spines is

bony spurs and bridging at the ventral aspect of the intervertebral space - ---Answers---Spondylosis

1) Hyper mobility 2) Infiltration of calcium to ventral longitudinal ligament

T11 (anticlinal) - ---Answers---What can cause spondylosis deformans and where does it occur typically in dog?

Irritation or inflammation of the joint capsules caused by subluxations and mechanical stress on joints - ---Answers--- Facet Syndrome 1 / 4

Supraspinous ligament desmitis - ---Answers---Causes thickening of supraspinous ligament and sometimes pain. Most often occurs at T15-L3

supraspinous bursitis - ---Answers---Considered a septic bursitis which causes a fistulous wither area. The bacteria is brucella abortus

exertional rhabdomyolysis - ---Answers---The dissolution of skeletal muscle with exercise that can be sporadic or chronic

accumulation of abnormal polysaccharide usually painful in hind quarters - ---Answers--- Polysaccharide storage myopathy

Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis - ---Answers---Disrupts the normal opening and closing of sodium ion channels. Signs will include fasciculations, weakness, paralysis, or sudden death

Nutritional Myopathy - ---Answers---Deficiency in Vitamin E and selenium. This is often a geographical problem. Weakness, lethargy, stiffness

extension of thoracic limbs and flaccid paralysis of pelvic limbs 2 / 4

Severe spinal damage has occurred - ---Answers---Schiff- Sherrington posture

thoracolumbar spine - ---Answers---Nearly 80% of disc disease in dogs occurs in the

Acute rupture of annulus fibrosis and extrusion of nucleus pulposus into spinal canal Occurs in small dogs Chondrodystrophy and Cartilage abnormality Dwarf characteristics - ---Answers---Type I IVDD

insidious bulging of annulus fibrosus fibroid metaplasia chronic subluxations PAIN - ---Answers---Type II IVDD

focal area of infarction in spinal cord caused by occlusion of local blood vessels and fibrocartilage. Dogs are often non- painful and asymmetrical in paralysis of affected limbs - --- Answers---Fibrocartilagnous Embolism (FCE)

wedge shaped vertebrae generally no symptoms pugs and boston terriers - ---Answers---Hemivertebra

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osseous fusion between 2+ adjacent vertebrae Manx and Siamese generally asymptomatic - ---Answers---Block vertebrae

malformation has a SAGITTAL cleft in the body of vertebrae - - --Answers---Butterfly vertebra

Spina Bifida - ---Answers---Non fusion of vertebral arches during embryonic development, often seen in english bulldogs

fistulous tract from skin to spinal cord, found in whorled hair.Typically in rhodesian ridgeback - ---Answers---Dermoid Sinus

disease of striated muscle muscles can't contract acetylcholine receptors affected - ---Answers---myasthenia gravis

1) reduced gag response 2) exercise induced weakness 3) pelvic limb weakness - ---Answers---What are the clinical signs of myasthenia gravis?

Bromide/neostigmine

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