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NU 010
Pre-NCLEX Licensure Prep I
EXAM GUIDE
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- A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) develops a sudden onset of shortness of breath, anxiety, and tachycardia. Which complication should the nurse suspect?
- Pneumonia
- Myocardial Infarction
- Acute Respiratory Failure
- Pulmonary Embolism
Correct Answer: D. Pulmonary Embolism
Rationale: Sudden onset of symptoms such as shortness of
breath, anxiety, and tachycardia in a COPD patient is highly indicative of a pulmonary embolism.
- A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has a potassium
level of 5.8 mEq/L. What is the most appropriate initial nursing action?
- Administer potassium supplements
- Initiate an insulin drip
- Restrict dietary potassium intake
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- Prepare the patient for hemodialysis
Correct Answer: B. Initiate an insulin drip
Rationale: Insulin will help move potassium back into cells,
thereby lowering the serum potassium level; this should be carefully monitored to avoid hypokalemia as treatment continues.
Reduction of Risk Potential
- A 65-year-old male presents with a history of prostate cancer
receiving androgen deprivation therapy. Which is a potential risk associated with this treatment?
- Hypercalcemia
- Osteoporosis
- Hyperlipidemia
- Diabetes Mellitus
Correct Answer: B. Osteoporosis
Rationale: Androgen deprivation therapy can lead to decreased
bone density, increasing the risk of osteoporosis.
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- A patient undergoing chemotherapy has a white blood cell
count of 1.5 x 10^9/L. Which action should the nurse take to reduce infection risk?
- Encourage frequent bathing
- Discontinue the chemotherapy
- Administer prophylactic antibiotics
- Implement neutropenic precautions
Correct Answer: D. Implement neutropenic precautions
Rationale: Neutropenic precautions are essential to prevent
infections in patients with critically low WBC counts.
Pharmacological & Parenteral Therapies
- A patient receiving a continuous heparin infusion for a
pulmonary embolism has an aPTT of 150 seconds. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
- Increase the heparin infusion rate
- Administer protamine sulfate
- Notify the healthcare provider
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