Latest - - (Latest - 1. What structures take blood away f...

NUFT 204 - Cardiovascular Assessment (Latest -

• What structures take blood away from the heart to the body?

Answer: Arteries

• What structures take blood back to the heart from the body?

Answer: Veins

• What type of system are arteries and veins part of?

Answer: Closed system

• What makes valves open and close?

Answer: Pressure

• Describe the blood flow through the heart.

Answer: SVC/IVC —> RA —> RV —-> lungs —> LA —-> LV —> body

• What valve allows blood to enter the RV from the RA?

Answer: Tricuspid valve

• What valve allows blood to enter the lungs via the pulmonary artery from the RV?

Answer: Pulmonary valve

• What valve allows blood to enter the LV from the LA?

Answer: Mitral valve

• What structure brings blood to the LA from the lungs?

Answer: Pulmonary vein

• What valve allows blood to go to the body via the aorta from the LV?

Answer: Aortic valve

• What is the role of the SVC and IVC?

Answer: Bring deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart to get oxygenated by the lungs

• What occurs during systole?

Answer:

• Atria are filling

• Ventricles are contracting (considered pumping phase) 1 / 2

• Tricuspid and mitral valves close (S1 - lub sound)

• Blood is going to the lungs and body from the ventricles

• Occurs slightly later in R side (only like a millisecond)

• Pressure in R side is lower

• Why is pressure always more on L side than R side?

Answer: Because L side needs to pump blood to the body

• What occurs during diastole?

Answer:

• Ventricles are relaxed due to filling (aka filling phase)

• Pulmonic and aortic valves close (S2 - Dub sound)

• Which valves of the heart are considered atrioventricular valves?

Answer: Tricuspid and mitral valves

• Which valves of the heart are considered semilunar valves?

Answer: Pulmonic and aortic valves

• The heart is supplied by which 2 branches of the autonomic nervous system? Which

branch decreases rate and which increases rate?

Answer:

• Sympathetic (aka adrenergic)

-increases heart rate

• Parasympathetic (aka cholinergic)

-decreases heart rate

• What determines the rate and strength of one's pulse?

Answer: Electrical impulses sent to the heart by the brain

• What are the 6 anatomical landmarks for a cardiac assessment?

Answer:

Aortic (R 2nd ICS)

Pulmonic (L 2nd ICS) Erb's Point (L 3rd ICS) Tricuspid (L 4th ICS)

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