Latest Update - (Latest Update) Advanced Pathophysiology for th...

D115 / D 115 Pre- Assessment (Latest Update 2025 / 2026) Advanced Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse | Questions and Verified Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct - WGU

Question:

Which type of immunity is produced by an individual after either natural exposure to the antigen or after immunization against the antigen?

• Passive-acquired immunity
• Passive-innate immunity
• Active-innate immunity
• Active-acquired immunity

Answer:

• Active-acquired immunity

Active-acquired immunity or naturally acquired active immunity occurs when an individual is exposed to a live pathogen and develops the disease or becomes immune as a result of a vaccine. 1 / 4

Question:

Which characteristics do atopic individuals have that make them genetically predisposed to develop allergies?

• More histamine receptors
• Greater quantities of histamine
• Deficiency in epinephrine
• Greater quantities of IgE

Answer:

• Greater quantities of IgE

The greater quantities of IgE in atopic individuals make them genetically predisposed to develop allergies. IgE mediates the immune response to allergens; therefore, the more IgE one has, the stronger the response can be to an allergen. Think of it as having more soldiers in the army to fight the war.

Question:

A healthcare professional is conducting community education on vaccinations.Which statement about vaccines should the professional include in the presentation?

• Most viral vaccines are made by using dead organisms.
• Most bacterial vaccines contain attenuated organisms.
• Vaccines require booster injections to maintain life-long protection.
• Vaccines provide effective protection against most infections. 2 / 4

Answer:

• Vaccines require booster injections to maintain life-long protection.

Most vaccines require a booster to increase immunity. The initial effects of a vaccine may diminish over time, and boosters improve protection against disease.

Question:

Which term describes an agent's ability to produce disease?

• Infectivity
• Immunogenicity
• Pathogenicity
• Virulence

Answer:

• Pathogenicity

Question:

A patient presents to an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) complaining ofdiarrhea, rectal bleeding, and right lower quadrant tenderness.Diagnostic tests revealdeficiencies in folic acid, vitamin D, and calcium. The APRN suspects Crohn disease.What is the pathological mechanism of this disorder?

• Destruction of mucosal barrier caused by drugs or 3 / 4

Helicobacterpylori infection

• Decreased mucosal blood flow and hypersecretion of acid caused

byoverstimulation of the vagal nuclei

• Neutrophil infiltration of the crypts, which causes destructive

abscessformation

• Acid and pepsin in the duodenum penetrating the mucosal barrier,

whichcauses ulceration

Answer:

• Neutrophil infiltration of the crypts, which causes destructive

abscessformation

Crohn disease can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract fromthe oropharynx to the perianal area. Diseased segments frequently areseparated by intervening normal bowel, leading to the term "skip areas."Inflammation can be transmural, often extending through to the serosa,resulting in sinus tracts or fistula formation.

Question:

A patient with a history of prostate cancer is admitted with confusion, thirst, nausea,oliguria, and abdominal cramping. The patient has gained 12 lb in the last two weeks.Diagnostics include

potassium: 4.1 mEq/L

sodium: 118 mEq/L

serum osmolality: 272 mOsm/kg H

• / 4