Latest Update - (Latest Update) Advanced Pathophysiology for th...

D115 / D 115 Objective Assessment (Latest Update 2025 / 2026) Advanced Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse | Questions and Verified Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct - WGU

Question:

The APN is reviewing patient records. Which of the following patients is at the greatest risk for nephrolithiasis?

• A 67-year-old male with hypertension and body mass index (BMI) 21
• A 32-year-old pregnant female with gestational diabetes
• A 43-year-old male with diabetes and BMI 38
• A 57-year-old female taking calcium supplements

Answer:

A 43-year-old male with diabetes and BMI 38

These patients have varying risk factors for nephrolithiasis: male, pregnancy,

obesity, diabetes. The patient with multiple risk factors is at highest risk.

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Question:

A patient involved in a motor vehicle accident is brought into the ED with an abdominal wound with acute blood loss and hypotension. Which of the following mechanisms best describes control of renal blood flow?

Answer:

Increased sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity occurs as a result of hypovolemia and hypotension, overriding renal autoregulation

Question:

The APN is seeing a patient being treated for sepsis. In reviewing the labs, the APN discovers that the patient has a large increase in serum creatinine.Which of the following is most likely true?

Answer:

Prerenal kidney damage is a result of inadequate renal blood flow and be due to sepsis, cardiogenic shock, hemorrhagic shock, or other states of low blood flow.

Question:

How does hypertension cause nephropathy?

Answer:

Hypertension causes hyperfiltration through the nephron that slowly causes deterioration.

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Question:

A 35-year-old man presents with edema of the face, hands, and ankles, and a blood pressure of 175/115 mmHg. He reports urine that is darkly colored and foamy. The APN suspects acute glomerulonephritis and would expect UA

results to include all of the following findings except:

• Elevated protein
• RBCs
• Renal casts
• Abnormally elevated glucose levels

Answer:

Abnormally elevated glucose levels The common signs of acute glomerulonephritis are dark, foamy urine, and edema of the face, eyes, ankles, feet, and legs.

Question:

Persistent microscopic hematuria would be the primary finding in about what % of individuals with bladder cancer?

Answer:

20%

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Question:

What objective finding would not be commonly seen in a patient with acute pyelonephritis?

• Cultural growth of E. coli
• Reduced Egfr
• Costovertebral tenderness
• WBC casts in urine culture

Answer:

Reduced eGFR

Question:

What is the sign that indicates cholecystitis.

Answer:

Take in and hold a deep breath. At same time NP pushes in on RUQ. If pain then murphys sign.The RUQ pain that radiates to the right subscapular area, especially after a fatty meal and a positive Murphy's sign are associated with cholecystitis.

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