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ABFM + KSA Care of Children (Latest Update 2025 / 2026) Questions & Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct (Verified Answers)

Question:

During a well child visit the parents of a 4-year-old child ask how much time they should allow her to spend watching television or using a tablet. Which one of the following is appropriate advice to help parents develop positive habits in preschool children with regard to the use of electronic devices such as televisions, smartphones, and tablets?

• Parents should limit screen time to less than 1 hour per day
• Allowing televisions in children's bedrooms does not affect their total

screen time

• Mealtime and bedtime curfews on phone use have little effect on reducing

overall screen time

• Co-viewing of television or internet videos may not provide parents with a

true picture of what the child is watching

Answer: A

Screen time has been associated with several adverse health outcomes for children. Most notable is the contribution to increasing childhood obesity, which is postulated to be secondary to lower physical activity, poor sleep, and the negative impact of commercials for low-quality food that influence 1 / 4

children's preferences. Randomized, controlled trials have demonstrated reduced weight gain in children who participated in interventions aimed at reducing screen time in community settings. Additionally, higher rates of screen use have been associated with higher rates of depressive symptoms and conduct problems, and watching age-inappropriate or violent content has also been shown to negatively affect child development and behavior.

The American Academy of Pediatrics recognizes that playing, reading, and spending time with friends and family are much healthier activities than sitting in front of a screen and recommends that a child's use of television, movies, and video and computer games be limited to <2 hours per day for children 6-17 years of age and to <1 hour per day for children 2-5 years of age.For children younger than 2 years, evidence of benefit from engagement with digital media is limited, and evidence of harm has been noted. Benefits are primarily seen when parents and children engage with this type of content together. Curfews on media use at mealtimes and bedtime reduce overall use.Televisions should not be placed in children's bedrooms.

Videos on television or the internet can inform, entertain, and teach, but not everything shown is healthy or desirable. Programs and commercials often show violence, alcohol or drug use, and sexual content that may not be suitable for children. Many younger children cannot discriminate between what they see on a screen and what is real. Research has shown prim

Question:

You see a 7-year-old female for a well child visit. She is 127 cm (50 in) tall. Her father asks about the most appropriate seating for his daughter when she is riding in an automobile. You tell him she should sit in the

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• rear passenger seat, using the lap and shoulder belt alone
• rear passenger seat on a belt-positioning booster seat, using the lap and

shoulder belt

• rear passenger seat in a forward-facing child seat, using the seat's five-point

belts

• rear center seat on a belt-positioning booster seat, using the lap belt only
• front passenger seat on a belt-positioning booster seat, using the lap and

shoulder belt

Answer: B

Safety advocates have dubbed the age group between 4 and 8 years the "forgotten child" when it comes to car safety restraints. While child seat use is mandated for infants and children, many states do not require the use of child-appropriate safety restraint devices for the upper end of this age group.All children whose weight or height is above the forward-facing limit for their car safety seat should use a belt-positioning booster seat until the lap and shoulder belt of the car fits properly.

Seat belts are designed for use by adults. In children, lap belts normally fall over the abdomen instead of the pelvis, and shoulder straps normally fit over the neck or face instead of the mid-sternum and shoulder. Because seat belts don't fit children correctly, their use can result in significant injuries, referred to as "seat belt syndrome."

Belt-positioning booster seats are designed to ensure that a vehicle's standard lap and shoulder belts will fit an older child properly. In fact, their use has been shown to result in a 59% decrease in crash-related injuries, compared to the use of seat belts alone. These boosters are designed to work with both the lap and shoulder belt and should never be used with the lap belt alone. They function by positioning the child so that both the lap and shoulder portions of the vehicle's belts fit properly. The lap portion should fit low across the hips 3 / 4

and pelvis and the shoulder portion should fit across the middle of the shoulder and chest. The use of belt-positioning booster seats is recommended for all children until they are tall enough for an adult seat belt to fit them properly, which is usually a height of at least 145 cm (57 in).

The rear seat is always the safest place for children, who can be seriously injured even in minor accidents when an airbag deploys. Rear-faci

Question:

The mother of a 4-year-old male brings him to your office for a well child visit.She had an uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery, and his newborn, infant, and early childhood growth and development have been progressing normally without significant illness. Both parents were diagnosed with hypertension as adults. Which one of the following statements is true regarding current American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines for screening for hypertension in children younger than age 13?

• The incidence of hypertension in children has been stable over the past 30

years

• Screening for elevated blood pressure should begin annually at 3 years of

age in healthy children and at every visit in children with risk factors

• Children with hypertension are less likely to have secondary hypertension

than adults with hypertension

• Blood pressure should be measured in the left arm only

Answer: B

Hypertension in children is increasing in prevalence as overweight and obesity increase. Along with this trend, primary hypertension is now the most common cause of elevated blood pressure in children, although a child with

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