Literacy Development in the Early Years:

Test Bank For

Literacy Development in the Early Years:

Helping Children Read and Write Ninth Edition Leslie Mandel Morrow Prepared by Rebecca R. Maddas Holly L. Diehl 1 / 4

51 Copyright © 2020, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.Test Bank

Chapter 1: Looking at an Exemplary Early Literacy Classroom

Short Answer Questions

• Describe how Wendy Hayes uses stations to support literacy skills.
• You were just hired as a first-grade teacher in Riverview Elementary School. You know that

exemplary literacy instruction includes time for students to learn how to comprehend text which can be organized using Reading Comprehension Workshops. Describe what one day of a Reading Comprehension Workshop might look like in your first-grade classroom if the social studies theme for that week was community helpers.

• Describe how literacy can be used in end-of-the-day wrap-up sessions.

Chapter 2: Foundations of Early Literacy: From the Past to the Present

Multiple Choice Questions

• Best known for emphasizing the importance of play in learning, this philosopher saw the

teacher as a designer of activities and experiences that facilitate learning.

• Rousseau
• Vygotsky
• Froebel
• Piaget

• This twentieth century philosopher believed the curriculum should be built around the

interests of children. This philosophy of early childhood education led to the concept of the child-centered curriculum.

• Vygotsky
• Dewey
• Montessori
• Skinner

• Piaget’s theory of cognitive development describes the intellectual capabilities of children at

their different stages of cognitive development. Which of the following describes the cognitive stages of development from the earliest to the most sophisticated?

• pre-operational, formal operations, sensory motor, and concrete operational
• concrete operational, sensory motor, pre-operational, and formal operations
• sensory motor, pre-operational, concrete operational, and formal operations
• formal operations, concrete operational, pre-operational, and sensory motor
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• When Heather sees a butterfly for the first time she says, “Oh, what a pretty birdie.” This is

an example of which of the following?

• scaffolding
• assimilation
• accommodation
• concrete operations

• Which of the following describes a mental structure in which we store previously learned

knowledge so that we can use it later to make predictions, generalizations, and inferences?

• a phoneme
• schema
• feedback
• a zone of proximal development

• Which term describes when an adult shows a child a task or models what a particular

behavior looks like?

• behaviorism
• scaffolding
• accommodation
• formal operations

• Skills associated with reading readiness include which of the following?

• auditory discrimination
• visual discrimination
• large motor skills
• all of the above

• What philosophy of literacy instruction includes the use of children’s literature to teach

reading and writing in the context of meaningful, functional, and cooperative experiences where students’ motivation and interest in the process of learning is important?

• reading readiness
• behaviorism
• whole language
• Montessori’s philosophy

• A comprehensive, balanced perspective includes careful selection of the best theories to

match the learning styles of which of the following?

• the teacher
• the child 3 / 4

53 Copyright © 2020, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

• the gifted and struggling students
• all of the above

• The Common Core State Standards (CCSS) was initiated at the state level. What do the

Standards attempt to ensure for all students?

• All students can read and write by third grade.
• All students can perform at high levels on state tests.
• All students are ready to learn when they enter school.
• All students are prepared for college or the workforce upon high school graduation.

• You are meeting with a parent of a kindergarten student. She asks you if you could assess her

son to determine if he was ready for reading instruction. You explain the idea of emergent literacy. What is your response?

• You tell the parent that literacy development does not have a specific beginning but

develops early in life and is ongoing. It is important for her to model literacy behaviors with her son.

• You tell the parent that you will give her son a battery of tests to determine if he has the

necessary prerequisite skills to begin emergent literacy instruction. It is important for her to wait for those results before doing anything.

• You tell the parent not to worry because every child will reach a level of reading

readiness, but that readiness emerges at different times for each child. It is important for her to wait until the child is ready before she begins modeling literacy behaviors with him.

• All of the above

• Miss Curtis wants to plan a balanced literacy program for her first-grade students. What does

this mean?

• She plans an appropriate balance of reading readiness activities to ensure that all students

can eventually start literacy instruction.

• She plans an appropriate balance of different types of worksheets so that students develop

important reading skills and are motivated to read.

• She plans an appropriate balance of various meaningful literacy activities to ensure all

students develop the motivation and skills to read.

• All of the above

Short Answer Questions

• Briefly discuss the history of early childhood education.
• Compare and contrast constructivism and explicit instruction.
• Summarize the key elements of the balanced comprehensive approach to literacy.
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