MEDNAX 2 OBSTETRICS AND NEONATAL CARE ACTUAL EXAM

MEDNAX 2 OBSTETRICS AND NEONATAL CARE ACTUAL EXAM

• Discuss why venipuncture might be considered less painful than heel-stick

sampling in newborns.Venipuncture is often considered less painful because it involves a larger vein and may cause less tissue trauma compared to heel-stick sampling.Heel-stick sampling is less painful due to its quick execution.Venipuncture is more painful due to the size of the needle used.Heel-stick sampling is preferred because it is less invasive.

• The underlying pathophysiology for the majority of women who develop

gestational diabetes is:

Antibodies directed against specific beta cell antigens Genetic variants that have been identified as causes of diabetes in the general population Significant decreases in insulin sensitivity with advancing gestation

• What is the most common type of brachial plexus injury in newborns?

Upper arm paralysis (Erb-Duchenne) Total arm paralysis Klumpke's paralysis Shoulder dystocia

• A newborn is diagnosed with severe hemolytic disease, and the

healthcare provider recommends exchange transfusion. What is the primary purpose of exchange transfusion in this condition? 1 / 4

To stimulate RBC production and prevent anemia. 2 / 4

To remove antibodies and damaged RBCs.To prevent umbilical vessel bleeding after birth.To increase bilirubin levels for accurate assessment.

• Describe how the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is clinically significant

in evaluating a patient's immune status.The ANC helps assess a patient's risk of infection by indicating the number of neutrophils available to fight off pathogens.The ANC measures the overall white blood cell count without differentiating types of cells.The ANC indicates the level of hemoglobin in the blood, which is unrelated to infection risk.The ANC is primarily used to evaluate liver function in patients.

• Describe what constitutes a prolonged deceleration in fetal heart rate

and its significance in obstetric care.A prolonged deceleration is an abrupt decrease in FHR below baseline of at least 15 beats/min lasting between 2 and 10 minutes, indicating potential fetal distress.A prolonged deceleration is a gradual decrease in FHR that lasts less than 2 minutes, which is not concerning.A prolonged deceleration is any decrease in FHR lasting longer than 10 minutes, which is always critical.A prolonged deceleration is a decrease in FHR that does not exceed 15 beats/min, lasting between 2 and 10 minutes.

• Describe the characteristics of an omphalocele and how it differs from

other abdominal wall defects.An omphalocele is an abdominal wall defect larger than 4 cm, covered by a translucent, avascular sac, with the umbilical cord 3 / 4

inserting into it.An omphalocele is a small hernia that does not require surgical intervention.An omphalocele is characterized by the presence of bowel protruding without a covering.An omphalocele is a defect that occurs only in premature infants.

8. If a 2-day old newborn with an I:T ratio of 0.40 is suspected of having

sepsis, what immediate action should be taken by the healthcare team?Initiate a sepsis workup and start empirical antibiotic therapy.Monitor the infant's weight and feeding patterns.Schedule a follow-up appointment in one week.Perform a blood transfusion to correct anemia.

• Which of the following clinical factors may significantly decrease

neutrophil counts in newborn infants:

Maternal hypertension Meconium aspiration syndrome Pneumothorax

• If a pediatrician observes that a full-term male infant with cryptorchidism

has not achieved testicular descent by 9 months, what would be the most appropriate next step in management?Consider referral for surgical evaluation Wait until the infant is 12 months old Administer hormonal therapy immediately Perform a diagnostic ultrasound

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