Michael Turner Test

Juvenile D elinquency 10e Clemens Ba rtollas, Frank Schmallege r, Michael Turner ( Test Bank All Chapters, 100% Original Verified, A+ Grade) Answers At The End Of Each Chapter 1 / 4

Chapter 1 Adolescence and Delinquency MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of the following behaviors is NOT a law violation when committed by a juvenile? 1) A) multiple body piercings B) curfew violations C) incorrigibility D) runaway behavior 2) Which of the following is NOT an important stage in the development of modern adolescence? 2) A) compulsory public schooling B) end of child labor C) development of the belief that raising children had to do with training and socializing them D) creation of harsh punishments for juveniles, similar to those for adults 3) Under parens patriae , the ________ assumed the parental role over juvenile lawbreakers. 3) A) teachers B) state C) neighbors D) parents 4) ________ consists of the unique beliefs, behaviors, and symbols that represent young people in society. 4) A) P arens patriae B) Youth culture C) Juvenile delinquency D) Adolescence 5) Which of the following asks what can be done to improve the quality of young people's lives and provides ideas for effectively treating and controlling youth crime? 5) A) historical context of delinquency B) parens patriae philosophy of juvenile courts C) delinquency and social policy D) Developmental Life - Course theory 6) Which context establishes the definition of delinquent behavior and status offense behavior? 6) A) the sociocultural context B) the legal context C) the historical context D) the economic context 7) Which of the following pertains to the social control and juvenile crime era? 7) A) spread of drug - trafficking street gangs due to crack epidemic B) nationwide deinstitutionalization of status offenders C) focus of federal effort on serious, violent, or chronic delinquents D) disillusionment with the family as a form of social control for delinquency 8) The most broad - based movement to strip the juvenile court of jurisdiction over all status offenders began in New York State in 1985 with passage of the ________. 8) A) Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) B) "get tough" mandate C) Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (JJDP) Act of 1974 D) 1985 PINS Adjustment Services Act 1 2 / 4

9) Which of the following does NOT relate to the Reagan administration's crime control policies for juveniles? 9) A) mandatory and determinate sentencing for violent juveniles B) drastic decrease in confinement of juveniles C) transfer of violent juveniles to adult court D) death penalty for juveniles who commit brutal murders 10) Behaviors that would NOT be offenses when engaged in by adults are called ________. 10) A) victimless crimes B) serious offenses C) status offenses D) delinquent behaviors 11) Which of the following was NOT among the principal objectives of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974? 11) A) encourage elimination of the practice of jailing juveniles B) promote the development of correctional facilities C) encourage community - based alternatives to juvenile detention D) promote deinstitutionalization of status offenders 12) Which of the following acts of adolescents would NOT be considered a high - risk behavior? 12) A) break dancing B) carrying of weapons C) drug and alcohol abuse D) drunken driving 13) The deinstitutionalization of status offenders movement refers to the ________. 13) A) discrimination against female status offenders B) removal of status offenders from secure detention facilities C) power struggle between parents and status offenders D) confinement of status offenders in secure detention facilities 14) Which of the following is NOT a term used to describe crossover youth? 14) A) dual - jurisdiction cases B) dually adjudicated youth C) human agency cases D) cross - system cases 15) The colonists saw the ________ as the primary means of control over children. 15) A) school B) family C) police D) state 16) During which time period were youthful violators regarded not as criminals but as children in need of care, protection, moral guidance, and discipline? 16) A) juvenile courts era B) juvenile rights era C) colonial period D) houses of refuge era 17) In the early 1990s, which of the following became a major impetus for the development and spread of drug - trafficking street gangs across the United States? 17) A) deinstitutionalization of juveniles B) parental control C) unemployment epidemic D) crack epidemic 18) The "get - tough" attitude in the 1990s led to enacting of legislation in nearly every state changing the way juvenile delinquents were handled. Which of the following is NOT among the state initiatives in juvenile justice that continues in force today? 18) A) creation of juvenile boot camps B) movement toward graduated sanctions C) expanded use of curfews D) banning of violence in video games 2 3 / 4

19) ________ involves the use of scientific principles to access the various evidence on program effectiveness and develop principles for best practices in any particular field. 19) A) Houses of refuge B) Get tough policies C) Deinstitutionalization of status offenders (DSO) D) Evidence - based practices (EBP) 20) The ________ shapes the relationship between delinquent and societal institutions, including the family, the school, and the church or synagogue. 20) A) historical context B) sociocultural context C) legal context D) political context 21) The ________ context influences local and national policy decisions that deal with youth crime. 21) A) legal B) historic C) political D) economic 22) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of crossover youth? 22) A) African American youth are overrepresented in crossover cases. B) more likely to have their cases dismissed compared to other youth C) younger than non - crossover youth D) high percentage of crossover youth are girls 23) The two basic tools of social science are ________, where each helps to guide and direct the other. 23) A) people and society B) police and judiciary C) theory and law D) research and theory 24) A law violation by a young person is considered an act of juvenile delinquency if the behavior meets all of the following criteria EXCEPT ________. 24) A) the juvenile is charged with an offense that must be adjudicated in the juvenile court or the prosecution and juvenile court judge exercise their discretion to retain jurisdiction B) the act is illegal for underage persons but not for adults C) the act would be a criminal offense if it were committed by an adult D) the young person is below the age at which the criminal court traditionally assumes jurisdiction 25) The ________ recognizes how juvenile delinquents were handled in the past and influences how they are perceived and handled in the present. 25) A) economic context B) sociocultural context C) legal context D) historical context TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 26) The juvenile court codes define the conditions under which the state can legitimately intervene in a juvenile's life. 26) 27) The U.S. Supreme Court abolished life imprisonment without the possibility of parole for persons who commit serious crimes other than homicides as teenagers. 27) 28) High - risk youths typically have educational and vocational skill deficits. 28) 3

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