MICRO EXAM 4 UTA PARKS ACTUAL QUESTIONS

MICRO EXAM 4 UTA PARKS (ACTUAL / ) | QUESTIONS

AND VERIFIED ANSWERS A+ GRADED

infection - ----Answers-----invasion of pathogen or parasite that lead to disease -evidence for infection comes from signs and symptoms

signs - ----Answers-----things that can be directly measured by clinician -ex blood cell counts

symptoms - ----Answers-----things felt by patient that cannot be clinically measured -ex nausea

syndrome - ----Answers-----groups of signs and symptoms that help indicate a particular disease

classification of disease - ----Answers-----WHO's international classification of diseases (IDC) is used globally to classify and monitor diseases

-diseases can be: infectious, communicable, iatrogenic,

nosocomial, zoonotic, non-communicable, and non-infectious

infectious disease - ----Answers-----disease caused by direct effect of a pathogen

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communicable disease - ----Answers-----capable of spreading person-to-person (contagious - easily spead)

iatrogenic disease - ----Answers-----disease acquired as result of medical procedure

nosocomial disease - ----Answers-----disease acquired from a hospital environment

zoonotic disease - ----Answers-----disease acquired from an animal

non-communicable disease - ----Answers-----disease obtained from non-living thing such as soil or contaminated object

non-infectious disease - ----Answers-----disease not caused by pathogen

periods/stages of disease - ----Answers-----infectious disease follow 5 stages

• incubation
• prodromal
• illness
• decline
• convalescence 2 / 4

incubation stage of disease - ----Answers-----initial entry of pathogen -replication begins

prodromal stage of disease - ----Answers-----replication continues -host shows signs and symptoms

illness stage of disease - ----Answers-----signs and symptoms are most severe in host

decline stage of disease - ----Answers-----pathogen number start to decrease -host's immune system is weak and vulnerable to secondary infection

convalescence stage of disease - ----Answers-----host starts to recover

acute vs. chronic disease - ----Answers-----illness period can be variable -acute disease -chronic disease -latent disease

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acute disease - ----Answers-----relatively short -hours, days, week

chronic disease - ----Answers-----longer time -month, years, lifetime

latent disease - ----Answers-----comes in episodes -pathogen replicates when disease is active

Koch's postulates - ----Answers-----set of standards that must be met to demonstrate that X pathogen causes X disease -developed 1884 and still used today

• the suspected pathogen must be found in every case of

disease and not to be found in healthy individuals

• the suspected pathogen can be isolated and grown in pure

culture

• a healthy test subject infected with the suspected pathogen

must develop the same signs and symptoms of disease as seen in postulate 1

• the pathogen must be re-isolated from the new host and

must be identical to the pathogen from postulate 2

Koch's (wrong) assumptions - ----Answers----1. pathogens are found ONLY in disease individuals

• all subjects are equally susceptible to infection
• all pathogens can be grown in culture
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