Midterm Exam: NR 507 NR507

Midterm Exam: NR 507 / NR507

(Latest Update 2025 / 2026) Advanced Pathophysiology | Questions and Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct – Chamberlain

Question:

reabsorption (kidney)

Answer:

movement of solutes from filtrate to blood things taken back that were secreted of filtered by the kidney

Question:

what solutes are typically reabsorbed

Answer:

glucose, ions, amino acids and urea

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Question:

Where is most of the solute reabsorbed?

Answer:

proximal convoluted tubule

Question:

What effects amount of water and solute reabsorption

Answer:

ADH and aldosterone

Question:

secretion (kidney)

Answer:

movement of solutes from blood to filtrate anywhere besides bowman's capsule

able to secrete salts, acids, bases and urea directly into the tubule via *active or passive transport*

what is secreted into the tubule depends on what the body needs at that time

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ex. eating a lot of protein nitrogen waste is a product of protein metabolism (ammonia) liver converts ammonia to urea and the kidneys secreted urea into the tubule for secretion

also possible to eliminate products that are in excess in the blood -- potassium, hydrogen, metabolites or medications can secrete things that were too larger to fit through the glomerulus's pore

Question:

filtration (kidney)

Answer:

movement of solutes from blood to filtrate at bowman's capsule

20% of the blood that goes through the glomerulus is passed as filtrate into the bowman's capsule

depends on the hydrostatic and oncotic pressures/ starling forces between the glomerulus and bowman's capsule

hydrostatic pressure: a lot higher in the glomerulus (move into the

nephron/bowman's capsule)

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oncotic pressure: higher in the blood/glomerulus than in the bowman's

capsule (move into the blood/glomerulus)

hydrostatic pressure is greater so there will be movement into bowman's capsule

usually favors the filtrate to go into the bowman's capsule

each persons full body is filtered about every 40 minutes

Question:

Conditions associated with renal failure

Answer:

• congenital abnormalities in the urethral tract development
• kidney and bladder cancer
• infections
• glomerulonephritis
• acute/ tubular necrosis
• AKI

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