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Midterm Exam: NR 566 / NR566
( Update 2025 / 2026) Advanced Pharmacology for Care of the Family Questions & Answers – Chamberlain
Question:
Methenamine drug interactions
Answer:
urinary alkalinizers (acetazolamide and sodium bicarbonate)- can reduce the antibacterial effects
sulfonamides- poses a risk for urinary tract injury from crystalluria
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Question:
Methenamine reason for ineffectiveness
Answer:
Not active against upper tract infections because there is insufficient time for formaldehyde to form as the drug passes through
Question:
Methenamine MOA
Answer:
Is a prodrug that under acidic conditions breaks down into ammonia and formaldehyde
Question:
Estrogen metabolic actions
Answer:
Affect bone, cardiovascular, blood, and neural tissue.
They also have important roles with glucose homeostasis
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Question:
Nitrofurantoin adverse effects
Answer:
GI effects:
Anorexia Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea
Pulmonary reactions
Hematologic effects:
Agranulocytosis Leukopenia Thrombocytopenia Megaloblastic anemia
Peripheral neuropathy
Hepatotoxicity
Birth defects
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Question:
Estrogen MOA
Answer:
Acts primarily through receptors in the cell nucleus not the cell surface
It must diffuse into cells, migrate to the nucleus, and then bind with an estrogen receptor
Question:
Estrogen for female hypogonadism
Answer:
Puberty can be induced by giving exogenous estrogens in females with primary ovarian failure, hypopituitarism, bilateral oophorectomy (removal of ovaries), and turner syndrome (genetic disorder that impairs gonadal function)
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