MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the

Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.41 Chapter 1 Why Do Research?MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.1)A professor examined survey information about people who were 65 years of age and older. He found the average level of happiness reported increased from 1982 to 2002. He concluded that people under 65 years of age also experienced increasing levels of happiness from 1982 to 2002. The error he committed is called:

• the error of illogical reasoning.
• the error of overgeneralization.
• the error of selective observation.

D)the error of false consensus.

Answer: B

Diff: 2

Page Ref: 4

LO: 1.1: Explain how alternatives to social research are used for making decisions 2)The president of Big Hotdog, Inc. considered changing the wage structure to increase worker productivity.She called in the firm’s top management team to decide. The vice president for sales said: “I read an article in last week’s Fortune magazine, and it proves that the proposed new wage structure is best.” Which error does the vice president of sales make?

• premature closure
• appeal to tradition as a basis of knowledge
• appeal to authority as a basis of knowledge
• overgeneralization

Answer: C

Diff: 3

Page Ref: 4-5

LO: 1.1: Explain how alternatives to social research are used for making decisions 3)The halo effect occurs when A)a very moral, upstanding person, who is like an angel, conducts research.B)a researcher goes around in circles and makes no progress.C)there is a research study without social theory involved.D)people overgeneralize from one positive or prestigious feature of a person to other areas.

Answer: D

Diff: 1

Page Ref: 4

LO: 1.1: Explain how alternatives to social research are used for making decisions 4)Prestige and honor within the scientific community depend largely on A)one’s reputation as a researcher as demonstrated by having many publications in highly respected scholarly journals.B)how popular the person is among students as an excellent teacher.C)the number of powerful political and business people a person has as friends.D)the number of appearances a person has on TV or in major newspapers.

Answer: A

Social Research Methods Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches 8e (Global Edition) Lawrence Neuman (Test Bank All Chapters, 100% Original Verified, A+ Grade) 1 / 4

Test Bank for Neuman, Social Research Methods, 8e

Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.42

Diff: 2

Page Ref: 13

LO: 1.2: Describe the scientific approach to social research

5) On your way to meet with your Methods instructor, you pass an office where you overhear two sociologists aggressively discussing a research project. One of the sociologists is criticizing the project’s design and trying to find flaws in it. You are witnessing which norm of the scientific community?

• universalism
• selective observation
• communalism
• organized skepticism

Answer: D

Diff: 2

Page Ref: 11

LO: 1.2: Describe the scientific approach to social research

6) A professor says that his research report is undergoing a “blind review.” What does this mean?

• Researchers who review and evaluate the report know that Professor Davis wrote it, but Professor Davis

does not know who the reviewers are.

• The researchers who review and evaluate the report do not know Professor Davis, but Professor Davis

has been told who the reviewers are.

• Researchers who review and evaluate the study do not know that Professor Davis wrote the report, and

he does not know who the reviewers will be.

• The report is being evaluated by researchers who know nothing of the field of research in the report, so

they can be objective.

Answer: C

Diff: 1

Page Ref: 13

LO: 1.2: Describe the scientific approach to social research

7) Professional researchers may devote years of work and money to have their results published in a scholarly journal. Yet, they rarely receive commission or royalties from the publication. Which norm of the scientific community pressures them to do this and share the results with others?

• disinterestedness
• organized skepticism
• communalism
• universalism

Answer: C

Diff: 2

Page Ref: 11

LO: 1.2: Describe the scientific approach to social research

8) research measures objective facts; research, by contrast, constructs social reality.

• Theory based; data based
• Qualitative; quantitative
• Data based; theory based
• Quantitative; qualitative

Answer: D

Diff: 1 2 / 4

Chapter 1 Why Do Research?Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.43

Page Ref: 14

LO: 1.3: Differentiate between quantitative and qualitative approaches to social research

9) If a researcher focuses on measuring objective facts, which approach is the researcher employing?

• Quantitative
• Qualitative
• Selective observation
• Explanatory

Answer: A

Diff: 1

Page Ref: 14

LO: 1.3: Differentiate between quantitative and qualitative approaches to social research

10) If a researcher is concerned with authenticity over reliability, the researcher is more concerned with which approach?

• Quantitative
• Qualitative
• Overgeneralization
• False consensus

Answer: B

Diff: 1

Page Ref: 14

LO: 1.3: Differentiate between quantitative and qualitative approaches to social research

11) A detached researcher exemplifies which approach?

• Quantitative
• Qualitative
• Pseudoscience
• Selective observation

Answer: A

Diff: 1

Page Ref: 14

LO: 1.3: Differentiate between quantitative and qualitative approaches to social research

12) What is the second step when conducting a study using the quantitative research approach?

• Design the study
• Analyze the data
• Select a topic
• Focus the question

Answer: D

Diff: 1

Page Ref: 15

LO: 1.4: Describe the steps in quantitative and qualitative research processes

13) What is the sixth step when conducting a study using the quantitative research approach?

• Inform others
• Collect data
• Interpret data
• Analyze data 3 / 4

Test Bank for Neuman, Social Research Methods, 8e

Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.44

Answer: C

Diff: 1

Page Ref: 15

LO: 1.4: Describe the steps in quantitative and qualitative research processes

14) What is the final step when conducting a study using the qualitative research approach?

• Inform others
• Acknowledge self and context
• Design a study
• Adopt a perspective

Answer: A

Diff: 1

Page Ref: 17

LO: 1.4: Describe the steps in quantitative and qualitative research processes

15) The study “Science Faculty’s Subtle Gender Biases Favor Male Students” used which research approach?

• Qualitative
• Quantitative
• Data analysis
• Overgeneralization

Answer: B

Diff: 1

Page Ref: 15

LO: 1.4: Describe the steps in quantitative and qualitative research processes

16) What is one reason to conduct social research?

• Advance knowledge
• Curiosity
• To discover absolute Truth
• To obtain tenure at a university

Answer: A

Diff: 1

Page Ref: 19

LO: 1.5: Summarize the applications of social research

17) Conducting social research allows organizations to_______:

• Discover absolute Truth
• Improve decision-making
• Influence political elections
• Publish in scholarly journals

Answer: B

Diff: 1

Page Ref: 19

LO: 1.5: Summarize the applications of social research

18) Learning how to conduct social research will help students________:

• Publish in scholarly journals.
• Find university jobs after graduating.
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