NBME ANATOMY SHELF ACTUAL EXAM 70

NBME ANATOMY SHELF (ACTUAL / ) EXAM 70

QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+

What nerve runs with the *lesser saphenous vein*? - Answers---*Sural*

What muscles make up the *superficial perineal pouch*? - Answers---1. ischiocavernosus m.

• bulbospongiosus m.
• superficial transverse perineal m.

#2 affected during laceration of *labia minora*

What occurs after damage to *spongy urethra*? - Answers--- urine leaks into t*superficial perineal pouch*

What is bladder *herniation* also known as? - Answers--- *cystocele* loss of bladder support in females by damage to *pelvic floor* as seen during childbirth (lesion to *perineal muscles*)

What crosses *in front of* ureter in males/females? -

Answers---men: *ductus deferens*

women: *uterine artery*

can be damaged during *hysterectomy* in women

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What is *TURP*? - Answers---trans-urethral resection of prostate

What are the three parts of the male urethra? - Answers---1.*prostatic* - widest part

• *membranous* - passes through urogenital diaphragm;

surrounded by *EUS*

• *spongy*

What are the two *urethral sphincters* (+ nerve)? - Answers-- -1. internal - smooth muscle in neck of bladder *sympathetic n.*

• external - skeletal muscle; *pudendal n.*

What layer of the testis causes *hydrocele* and *hematocele*?

• Answers---persistent *tunica vaginalis*

transillumination will produce glow in hydrocele

What is *cryptorchidism*? - Answers---undescended testis must be remedied within first *3 months*

What drains *lymph of male viscera*? - Answers---1.testis/epididymis - *lumbar*

• glans penis - *deep inguinal*
• prostate/bladder/rest of penis - *internal iliac*
• everything else - *superficial inguinal* 2 / 4

What drains *lymph of female viscera*? - Answers---1. all external genitalia/lower vagina - *superficial inguinal*

• ovary/tubes/upper uterus - *lumbar*
• cervix/upper vagina/lower uterus - *external iliac*
• glans clitoris - *deep inguinal*

What are effects of fracture of *anterior cranial fossa*? - Answers----fracture of ethmoid bone -results in anosmia, periorbital bruising, CSF leakage

Name three *cranial malformations*? - Answers---a.scaphocephaly - premature *sagittal* closure; football shaped head

• plagiocephaly - premature *coronal/lambdoid* closure; odd

shape in one direction

• oxycephaly - premature *coronal* closure; tower-like

cranium

What does a *persistent fontalle* indicate? - Answers--- hypothyroidism/hydrocephalus

What causes *epidural hematoma*? - Answers---trauma to *pterion* hemorrhage of *middle meningeal a.* (branch of *maxillary*) *biconvex* pattern under CT scan 3 / 4

emergency -> quick death

What causes *subdural hematoma*? - Answers---tearing of *bridging veins* BV drains neural tissue pierces *dura*

What causes *subarachnoid hemorrhage*? - Answers--- hemorrhage of any part of the *circle of willis* can include *internal carotid a.* and its branches (e.g. *MCA*)

What are the layers of the *scalp*? - Answers---Remember "SCALP" Skin Connective Tissue (BVs) Aponeurosis *occipitofrontalis m.* Loose Connective Areolar Tissue Pericranium

Where do *ophthalmic veins* drain? - Answers---superior - sup. orbital fissure inferior - inf. orbital fissure (connects with *pterygoid plexus*) but also travels post. into SOF both drain into *cavernous sinus* point of entry for infection

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