NCLEX-PN Exam Pack Part 5

NCLEX-PN Exam Pack Part 5 Updated 2022

1.1. Question

The physician has ordered a low-potassium diet for a child with acute glomerulonephritis. Which fruit is suitable for the child with potassium restrictions?

• Raisins
• Cantaloupe
• Blueberries
• Apricots

Correct Answer: C. Blueberries

oOption C: Patients with decreased kidney function are

at risk for hyperkalemia. Blueberries are low in potassium, therefore, it is a suitable fruit on a potassium-restricted diet.

oOptions A, B, and D: Raisins, cantaloupe, and apricots

are all good sources of potassium.2. Question The physician has ordered a blood test for H. pylori. The nurse

should prepare the client by:

• Telling the client that no special preparation is

needed

• Withholding antibiotics for at least 4 weeks prior to

the test

• NPO for 1 hour before the exam

• Withholding proton pump inhibitor for at least 2

weeks prior the test

Correct Answer: A. Telling the client that no special

preparation is needed

oOption A: H.pylori blood test is used to measure

antibodies to H. pylori. If antibodies to H.pylori are detected in the blood, it means you are currently infected or had a previous infection. No special preparation is needed for the blood test for H. pylori.

oOptions B, C, and D: These preparations are applicable

for a breath test for H. pylori.3. Question The nurse is preparing to give a liquid oral potassium

supplement. The nurse should:

• Give the medication on an empty stomach
• Give the medication with warm water
• Give the medication without diluting it
• Give the medication with 4 oz. of juice

Correct Answer: D. Give the medication with 4 oz. of juice

oOption D: Oral liquid potassium supplements should be

diluted in at least 4oz. of juice or cold water to prevent gastric upset, unpleasant taste, and the laxative effect of the medication.

oOptions A, B, and C: They can cause gastric upset.

4. Question The physician has ordered cultures for cytomegalovirus (CMV).Which statement is true regarding the collection of cultures for cytomegalovirus?

• Stool cultures are obtained for definitive diagnosis.

• Pregnant caregivers may obtain cultures
• Collection of one specimen is sufficient
• Fresh specimens are preferred

Correct Answer: D. Fresh specimens are preferred

oOption D: Fresh specimens are stored at 2 to 8° after

collection and transported immediately to the laboratory as soon as possible to ensure an accurate diagnosis of CMV.oOption: A: Cultures of urine, sputum, and oral swab are preferred.

oOption B: Pregnant caregivers should not be assigned

to care for clients with suspected or known infection with CMV.

oOption C: A convalescent culture is obtained 2–4

weeks after diagnosis.5. Question A pediatric client with burns to the hands and arms has dressing changes with Sulfamylon (mafenide acetate) cream. The nurse is

aware that the medication:

• Will cause gray staining on the surrounding skin
• Produces a cooling sensation when applied
• Produces a burning sensation when applied
• Will cause unusual hair growth in the treated areas

Correct Answer: C. Produces a burning sensation when

applied

oOption C: Sulfamylon is a topical agent indicated for

patients with a second and third-degree burn. It produces a painful burning sensation upon application so the client should receive pain medication 30 minutes before the application.

oOption A: Gray or blue-black discoloration of the skin is

a side effect of repeated application of silver nitrate.

oOption B: The cooling sensation is associated with the

application of Silvadene.

oOption D: Unusual hair growth is related to the chronic

application of topical steroids.6. Question The physician has ordered Dilantin (phenytoin) for a client with generalized seizures. When planning the client’s care, the nurse

should:

• Maintain strict intake and output
• Check the pulse before giving the medication
• Continue breastfeeding as instructed
• Provide oral hygiene and gum care every shift

Correct Answer: D. Provide oral hygiene and gum care

every shift

oOption D: Gingival hyperplasia is a side effect of

Dilantin; therefore, the nurse should provide oral hygiene and gum care every shift.

oOptions A and B: They do not apply to the medication.

oOption C: Infant breastfeeding is not advisable for

women taking this drug since the medication can be secreted in minimal concentrations in human milk.7. Question A client receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer has an order for Zofran (ondansetron) 8 mg PO to be given 30 minutes before induction of the chemotherapy. The purpose of the medication is

to:

• Prevent anemia
• Promote relaxation