NCLEX practice questions Patient

NCLEX practice questions Patient Education

• A nurse is asked about the goal of patient education. What is the nurse's best response? The

goal of educating others is to help people

• Meet standards of the Nurse Practice Act.
• Achieve optimal levels of health.
• Become dependent on the health care team.

d. Provide self-care only in the hospital. - ✔✔ANS: B

The goal of educating others about their health is to help individuals, families, or communities achieve optimal levels of health. Although all state Nurse Practice Acts acknowledge that patient teaching falls within the scope of nursing practice, this is the nurse's standard, not the goal of education. Patient education helps patients make informed decisions about their care and become healthier and more independent, not dependent. Nurses provide patients with information needed for self-care to ensure continuity of care from the hospital to the home.

• A nurse is teaching a group of healthy adults about the benefits of flu immunizations. Which

purpose of patient education is the nurse fulfilling?

• Restoration of health
• Coping with impaired functions
• Promotion of health and illness prevention

d. Health analogies - ✔✔ANS: C

As a nurse, you are a visible, competent resource for patients who want to improve their physical and psychological well-being. In the school, home, clinic, or workplace, you promote health and prevent illness by providing information and skills that enable patients to assume healthier behaviors. Injured and ill patients need information and skills to help them regain or maintain their level of health; this is referred to as restoration of health. Not all patients fully recover from illness or injury. Many have to learn to cope with permanent health alterations; this is known as coping with impaired functions. Analogies supplement verbal instruction with familiar images that make complex information more real and understandable. For example, when explaining arterial blood pressure, use an analogy of the flow of water through a hose.

• A nurse provides teaching about coping with long-term impaired functions. Which situation

serves as the best example?

• Teaching a family member to give medications through the patient's permanent gastric tube
• Teaching a woman who recently had a hysterectomy about her pathology reports
• Teaching expectant parents about physical and psychological changes in childbearing women

d. Teaching a teenager with a broken leg how to use crutches - ✔✔ANS: A

Not all patients fully recover from illness or injury. Many have to learn to cope with permanent health alterations. New knowledge and skills are often necessary for patients and/or family members to continue activities of daily living. Teaching family members to help the patient with health care management (e.g., giving medications through gastric tubes, doing passive range-of- motion exercises) is an example of coping with long-term impaired functions. Injured and ill patients need information and skills to help them regain or maintain their levels of health. Some examples of this include teaching a woman who recently had a hysterectomy about her pathology reports and expected length of recovery and teaching a teenager with a broken leg how to use crutches. In childbearing classes, you teach expectant parents about physical and psychological changes in the woman and about fetal development; this is part of health maintenance.

• Which statement indicates that the nurse has a good understanding of teaching/learning?
• "Teaching and learning can be separated."
• "Learning is an interactive process that promotes teaching."
• "Learning consists of a conscious, deliberate set of actions designed to help the teacher."
• "Teaching is most effective when it responds to the learner's needs." - ✔✔ANS: D

Teaching is most effective when it responds to the learner's needs. It is impossible to separate teaching from learning. Teaching is an interactive process that promotes learning. Teaching consists of a conscious, deliberate set of actions that help individuals gain new knowledge, change attitudes, adopt new behaviors, or perform new skills.

• Which action best indicates that learning has occurred?
• A nurse presents information about diabetes.
• A patient demonstrates how to inject insulin.
• A family member listens to a lecture on diabetes.
• A primary care provider hands a diabetes pamphlet to the patient. - ✔✔ANS: B

Learning is the purposeful acquisition of new knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and skills.Complex patterns are required if the patient is to learn new skills, change existing attitudes, transfer learning to new situations, or solve problems. A new mother exhibits learning when she demonstrates how to bathe her newborn. A nurse presenting information and a primary care provider handing a pamphlet to a patient are examples of teaching. A family member listening to a lecture does not indicate that learning occurred; a change in knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and/or skills must be evident.

• A nurse is teaching a patient about the Speak Up Initiatives. Which information should the

nurse include?

• The nurse is the center of the health care team.
• If you still do not understand, ask again.
• Ask a nurse to be your advocate or supporter.

d. Inappropriate medical tests are the most common mistakes. - ✔✔ANS: B

If you still do not understand, ask again is part of the S portion of the Speak Up Initiatives. Speak up if you have questions or concerns. You (the patient) are the center of the health care team, not the nurse. Ask a trusted family member or friend to be your advocate (advisor or supporter), not a nurse. Medication errors are the most common health care mistakes, not inappropriate medical tests.

• A nurse teaches a patient with heart failure healthy food choices. The patient states that eating

yogurt is better than eating cake. In this situation, which element represents feedback?

• The nurse
• The patient
• The nurse teaching about healthy food choices
• The patient stating that eating yogurt is better than eating cake - ✔✔ANS: D

Feedback should show the success of the learner in achieving objectives (i.e., the learner verbalizes information or provides a return demonstration of skills learned). The nurse is the sender. The patient is the receiver. The teaching is the message.

• While preparing a teaching plan, the nurse described what the learner will be able to

accomplish after the teaching session. Which action did the nurse complete?

• Developed learning objectives

• Provided positive reinforcement
• Implemented interpersonal communication

d. Presented facts and knowledge - ✔✔ANS: A

Learning objectives describe what the learner will be able to do after successful instruction.Positive reinforcement follows feedback and involves the use of praise and acknowledgment of new attitudes, behaviors, or knowledge. Interpersonal communication is necessary for the teaching/learning process, but describing what the learner will be able to do after successful instruction constitutes learning objectives. Facts and knowledge will be presented in the teaching session.

• A student nurse learns that a normal adult heartbeat is 60 to 100 beats/minute. In which

domain did learning take place?

• Kinesthetic
• Cognitive
• Affective

d. Psychomotor - ✔✔ANS: B

Cognitive learning includes all intellectual behaviors and requires thinking. In the hierarchy of cognitive behaviors, the simplest behavior is acquiring knowledge. The student nurse acquired knowledge, which is cognitive. Kinesthetic is a type of learner who learns best with a hands-on approach. Affective learning deals with expression of feelings and acceptance of attitudes, opinions, or values. Psychomotor learning involves acquiring skills that require integration of mental and muscular activities, such as the ability to walk or to use an eating utensil.

• A nurse wants the patient to begin to accept the chronic nature of diabetes. Which teaching

technique should the nurse use to enhance learning?

• Lecture
• Demonstration
• Role play

d. Question and answer session - ✔✔ANS: C

Affective learning deals with expression of feelings and acceptance of attitudes, opinions, or values. Role play and discussion (one-on-one and group) are effective teaching methods for the affective domain. Lecture and question and answer sessions are effective teaching methods for