NCLEX Questions with Certified

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Med Surge Ch. 10 - Fluid & Electrolytes NCLEX Questions with Certified Solutions

A patient is being treated for dehydration. Which of the following findings would indicate that the treatment is effective?

a) Decreased urine output

b) Increased skin turgor

c) Dry mucous membranes

d) Weight loss

✔✔ b) Increased skin turgor

A nurse is caring for a patient with hyperkalemia. Which of the following symptoms would most likely be seen?

a) Hypotension and bradycardia

b) Muscle weakness and arrhythmias

c) Increased urination and thirst

d) Increased reflexes and agitation

✔✔ b) Muscle weakness and arrhythmias 1 / 3

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Which of the following is the most common cause of hypokalemia in hospitalized patients?

a) Excessive potassium intake

b) Use of potassium-sparing diuretics

c) Diuretic therapy (especially loop diuretics)

d) Renal failure

✔✔ c) Diuretic therapy (especially loop diuretics)

A patient presents with hypercalcemia. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate?

a) Administering calcium supplements

b) Restricting fluid intake

c) Encouraging increased mobility

d) Administering IV fluids and diuretics

✔✔ d) Administering IV fluids and diuretics

When monitoring a patient for signs of fluid overload, which assessment finding would be most concerning?

a) Dry skin 2 / 3

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b) Edema and crackles in the lungs

c) Increased respiratory rate

d) Hyperactive reflexes

✔✔ b) Edema and crackles in the lungs

A patient with severe vomiting and diarrhea is at risk for which electrolyte imbalance?

a) Hyperkalemia

b) Hypocalcemia

c) Hyponatremia

d) Hypercalcemia

✔✔ c) Hyponatremia

Which of the following is the most accurate method for diagnosing metabolic acidosis?

a) Urinalysis

b) Serum electrolyte levels

c) Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis

d) Physical examination

✔✔ c) Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis

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