NCLEX-RN Pharmacological Parenteral Therapies 1 Practice Test Questions and Answers

NCLEX-RN Pharmacological & Parenteral Therapies 1 Practice Test Questions and Answers (2021) Pathophysiology, Unexpected Response to Therapies, Dosage Calculation, and Pharmacological Pain Management.

• Before a patient can receive a transfusion of whole blood, the laboratory and

blood bank require a sample of the patient's blood. Which tests will be run?Blood type and crossmatch Blood type and antigen screen Complete blood count (CBC) and differential Blood culture and sensitivity analysis A blood type and crossmatch is necessary to ensure a match between the blood donor and the patient who is receiving the blood. An incompatible match could result in severe adverse events and possible death. CBC, differential, culture, and sensitivity are unnecessary. Blood type and antigen screen is incorrect; the proper test is blood type and antibody screen, which will be performed as part of the crossmatch.A client with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is receiving heparin therapy by continuous intravenous infusion. Prior to initiating the heparin infusion, the client's activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) was 32 seconds. The nurse notes that the most recent aPTT result is 70 seconds. What is the nurse's BEST action?Increase the heparin infusion rate.Administer protamine sulfate stat.

Maintain the heparin infusion rate.Decrease the heparin infusion rate.The nurse should maintain the current heparin infusion rate. The reference range of aPTT is 30-40 seconds. To obtain an aPTT result, an activator is added that speeds up the clotting time and results in a narrower reference range. The aPTT is considered a more sensitive version of the PTT and is used to monitor the patient’s response to heparin therapy. Decreasing or increasing the infusion rate is not appropriate. Protamine sulfate is a heparin antagonist, used to immediately reverse the action of heparin. It is not indicated for this situation.

The healthcare provider prepares to administer a corticosteroid to a patient with a diagnosis of asthma. What is the rationale for administering this drug to this patient?To prevent respiratory infections To promote expectoration of mucus To decrease airway swelling To promote bronchodilation Corticosteroids and other anti-inflammatory drugs work by reducing inflammation, swelling, and mucus production in the airways of a person with asthma. As a result, the airways are less inflamed and less likely to react to asthma triggers. Inhaled corticosteroids are the primary treatment for asthma.

The nurse is preparing to administer intravenous procainamide to a client with stable ventricular tachycardia. Which of the following is MOST important to monitor during the infusion?Continuous ECG Urine specific gravity Serum potassium Glasgow Coma Scale Procainamide is well-tolerated and is a first-line agent for the treatment of acute, undiagnosed, wide-complex tachycardia. Procainamide blocks sodium channels and also has an effect on potassium channels and so prolongs the effective refractory period, decreases automaticity and slows conduction. The

client's ECG should be constantly monitored for cardiotoxicity: widening of QRS

(> 50%) and prolonged QT interval, as well as hypotension.

The purpose of medication reconciliation is to document all doses of each medication that a client receives during their inpatient stay.create an accurate list of all medications that a client is taking at home and during hospitalization.

ensure that the inpatient unit's narcotic count is correct at the start and end of every shift.compare pharmacy charges with actual doses administered during hospitalization.Medication reconciliation is the process of creating the most accurate list possible of all medications that a patient is taking — including drug name, dosage, frequency, and route — and comparing that list against the physician’s admission, transfer, or discharge orders. The goal is to provide correct medications to the patient at all transition points within the hospital.

A patient with a diagnosis of hepatic coma is admitted to the ICU. The provider orders neomycin 300mg q6h to be administered via the NG tube. The nurse knows the rationale for this drug order is to decrease the serum ammonia level.to decrease the pH level in the small intestine.to prevent fulminate sepsis.to prevent further liver damage.Although neomycin is generally prescribed to treat infection, it is also prescribed for patients with liver disease to kill intestinal bacteria. The bacteria produce ammonia when breaking down prote in. The diseased liver is unable to clear the