NCLEX-RN Study guide

NCLEX-RN (Study guide)

Autonomic Dysreflexia - Complications:

-severe pounding headache (from onset of HTN) -Profuse sweating -Nasal congestion

Iron daily requirements for women - 15 mg/day

Blood transfusion (hemolytic reaction) - S/S:

-chills -headache -backache -dyspnea -hypotension -fever

Manic episode (behaviors) - -Grandiose delusions -difficulty concentrating -agitation

Meniere's disease/syndrome - Is an inner ear disorder that causes episodes of vertigo/spinning

Boggy uterus deviated to right - -indicates full bladder -encourage client to void (offer bedpan)

Cystic Fibrosis (diet requirements) - -High protein -High calorie

Cerebellum - Maintains balance

IVP (intravenous pyelogram) - Is a radiological procedure used to visualize abnormalities of the urinary system, including the kidneys ureters and bladder

Nursing management:

-because of the need to visualize the abdominal area, cleansing enemas the evening before and IVP are usually ordered

Rho (D) immune globulin (RhoGam) - Is given to an Rh-negative mother who delivers an Rh positive baby when the baby has a negative Coombs test

Cane use (going downstairs) - -advance cane and weak leg -then strong leg

Memory trick: the good goes up, the bad goes down

Delegation to remember - LPN/LVN and "pulled" or "re-assigned" RN from another unit

• receive stable patients with expected outcomes

Room assignments - -clients with fracture are considered "clean" -do. Not place elderly pts with pneumonia pts

IBS (irritable bowel syndrome) - Hx of symptoms:

-pattern of alternating diarrhea and constipation

Immunizations - DPT (diptheria, tetanus, pertussis)

-1st dose: may be given at 2 mos

-2nd dose: given around 4 mos

-3rd dose: given around 6 mos

MMR: given at 12-15 mos

rotavirus: 2, 4, and 6 mos

Varicella: 12 to 15 mos

Cushing's syndrome (too many steroids) - Assessment findings:

-buffalo hump -weight gain -moon face -purple striae -osteoporosis -mood swings -high susceptibility to infections -hyperglycemia -hypernatremia

Insulin administration - Insulin should be administered at room temperature; temp extremes should be avoided

Lumbar lesions (ruptured disc) - Cause paresthesia, pain, muscle weakness and atrophy in the lower extremities

Guillain-Barre syndrome (symptoms) - -resp failure -flaccidity due to paralysis of the muscles -urinary retention due to loss of sensation

Myelogram - -Test involves a lumbar puncture with infection of contrast medium, allowing x-ray visualization of the vertebral canal

-indentifies tumors, cysts, herniated vertebral disks

Rubella (german measles) - Requires airborne precautions; particulate respirator

ECT (electroconvulsive therapy treatment) - Expected effects:

-headache -disrupted memory (short and long term) -general confused state -backache

EDB (estimated date of birth) - Naegele's rule:

-add 7 days to 1st day of last mentrual period and subtract 3 mos

Continuous tube feeding - -rinse bag and change the formula every 4 hours -there is an increased growth of organisms after 4 hours

Type 1 diabetes (insulin needs during pregnancy and after delivery) - During pregnancy: Insulin needs increase

After delivery: Insulin needs decrease

Duodenal ulcers - -clients experience pain after meals 2-4 hrs after meals

Hypoglycemia symptoms - -irritability -tachycardia -diaphoresis

Autologous blood transfusion - This is blood lost during surgery that is being re-infused into the patient "blood salvage"

Central Venous catheters - Anything having to do with CVAD (central venous access devices) ; it is ALWAYS A STERILE PROCEDURE -make sure to FLUSH with 10ml syringe to keep patency

RESTLESS= - HYPOXIA

What happens to a pulse when you lower blood pressure? - The HR goes up to compensate.

Impetigo - A highly contagious skin infection that causes red sores on the face.-Staph infection -causes fluid-filled vesicles, honey-colored crusts, reddened areas -can be treated with an antibiotic cream or oral antibiotic -wash hands before and after applying a topical antibiotic -child can be in contact with other children 24hrs after starting the antibiotic

Dumping syndrome - Rapid gastric emptying

To avoid rapid emptying:

-include foods that contain fats and protein at every meal -lie down or sit for 30 to 60 mins after eating -wait for 1 hour after meals before drinking fluids

Levothyroxine (T4) - Thyroid hormones -mgmt of hypothyroidism, myxedema coma, thyroid replacement

Side effects:

-weight loss -arrhythmias -insomnia, irritability -nervousness -heat intolerance -menstrual irregularities

Nursing:

-take at the same time daily -avoid OTC meds with Iodine -Treatment is lifelong -Take on an empty stomach

Famotidine (Pepcid) - Antiulcer medications

Treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcers, GERD, heartburn

Side effects:

-headache -blood dyscrasias -hepatitis -dizziness -constipation

Nursing:

-can take at bedtime -avoid taking with antacids-milk of magnesia

Restless= - Hypoxia

Order on how to instruct a client of the use of an incentive spirometer: - 1. Assume a high Fowler's position

• Seal the lips tightly around the mouthpiece
• Inhale slowly
• Hold his breath for at least 3 seconds
• Exhale slowly through the mouth for 2 to 6 seconds