NCLEX-RN STUDY GUIDE WITH 100 ACCURATE

NCLEX-RN STUDY GUIDE WITH 100% ACCURATE

SOLUTIONS BEST A+ RATED.

⫸what to remember about insulin type N? Answer: N= NPH, not in the bag, not fast, not clear(cloudy) not so fast, not in the bag is never IV

⫸what is the onset of NPH? Answer: 6 hrs

⫸what is the peak of NPH? Answer: 8-10 hrs

⫸what is the duration of NPH? Answer: 12 hrs

⫸what type of insulin is humalog? lisipro? Answer: fastest acting insulin

⫸how do give lisipro and humalog? Answer: give it meals and not before meals

⫸what is the onset of lisipro? Answer: 15 min

⫸what is the peak of lisipro? Answer: 30 min

⫸what is the duration of lisipro? Answer: 3 hrs

⫸what type of insulin id lantus/lanrgien? Answer: is a low acting insulin. low absortpion

⫸what is the peak of of lantus? Answer: no peak because it has a low risk of hypoglycemia and its the only insulin that can be given at bedtime

⫸what is the duration of lantus? Answer: 12 - 24 hrs

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⫸what is the best thing to remember about insulin? Answer: check expiration date. open insulin vials do not need refrigeration( only unopened vials of insulin go in the fridge) after opening vials of insulin. they have 30 days before they expire.

⫸what does execersie does to insuin? Answer: excessive potentiates insulin. Therefor more excersise LESS insulin. less excersise MORE insulin.

⫸sick days rules for insulin:. Answer: take insulin (even when not eating) , take sips of water( risk of dehydration) active as possible ( to lower BS)

⫸what will a sick diabetic patient have? Answer: a sick diabetic pt will have hyperglycemia and dehydration

⫸what causes hypoglycemia in type 1 DM( insulin shock) ? Answer: not enough food, too much insulin( most cause of hypoglycemia) and too much exercise

⫸why is hypoglycemia in type 1 DM( insulin shock) dangerous? Answer: it can cause permanent brain damage

⫸S/S of hypoglycemia in type 1 DM (insulin shock):. Answer: remember "DRUNK IN SHOCK"

DRUNK: irratibility, tachypnea

SHOCK: clammy, cold, moltted

⫸TX of hypoglycemia in type 1 DM ( insulin shock). Answer: give rapid metabolized carbohydrates ideal combination: sugar and protein (if pt. is conscious) ex sugar - juice, protein- slice of turkey or skim milk -protein + crackers (carbohydrate) unconcious patient? IM glucagon Or IV D10 50 dextrose

⫸what cause high blood sugar in Type 1 DM/DKA/ DIABETIC COMA? Answer: too much food , not enough insulin and exercise #1 CAUSE of DKA is acute viral upper respiratory infection within the last 10 days

⫸S/S of hyperglycemia in type 1 DM/DKA/ DIABETIC COMA. Answer: D-dehydration= dry mucous membranes, dry skin, headache, flushed and poor skin turgor K- ketones in blood= DKA 2 / 4

K- kussmaul breathing K- K+ high A- acidosis (metabolic) A- acetone breath (fruity odor) A - anorexia (nausea) r/t no appetite

⫸TX of hyperglycemia in type 1 Dm/DKA/ diabetic Coma. Answer: fast IV fluids. what type of IV fluids? Regular insulin

⫸Tx of hypoglycemia in type 2 DM. Answer: give rapid metabolize carbohydrates(candy and honey)

ideal combination: protein and sugar

if unconscious give glucagon IV. IM D50

⫸what is hyperglycemia in Type 2 Dm? Answer: hyperglycemia in type 2 Dm is also called HHKA, HHNC, hyperglycemic, non ketonic coma

⫸how do you treat hyperglycemia aka HHKA,HHNC, non ketonic coma? Answer: theres is no need for insulin ONLY hydration.KEEP IN MIND THAT HHKA, HHNC is just severe dehydration

⫸S/S of hyperglycemia in type 2 Dm. Answer: hot and dry skin, increased HR, decreased skin turgor

⫸what is the TX for hyperglycemia in type 2 DM? Answer: rehydration

⫸what are the long complications of DM ? Answer: poor tissue perfusion ex. poor wound healing peripheral, neuropathy ex renal failure, loss of urine

⫸which lab is the best indicator of long term BG control? Answer: Ha1c (average BG in the last 90 days)

⫸Ha1c levels? Answer: HA1C <6 = control 3 / 4

HA1C >8 = out of control

⫸what is the therapeutic and toxic levels of lithium? Answer: therapeutic levels: 0.6 -1.2

toxic levels: >2

⫸what is lithium used for? Answer: lithium is a anti-mania drug used for the TX of bipolar but is mainly used for the mania part of bipolar not the depressive side of bipolar

⫸what is the therapeutic and toxic level of Digoxin aka lanoxin? Answer: therapeutic levels: 1- 2

toxic levels: > 2

⫸what is lanoxin aka digoxin aka ditch used for? Answer: is one of the medications that are used to treat atrial arrhythmias such as A-fib and also CHF

⫸what is the therapeutic and toxic levels of aminophlline? Answer: therapuetic levels: 10-20

toxicity levels: >20

⫸what is aminophilline used for? Answer: anti-spamtic used to relax the smooth muscle during a asthma attack. it is usually given along side a bronhodilator

⫸what is the therapeutic and toxic levels of dilatin? Answer: therapuetic levels: 10-20

toxicity levels: >20

⫸what is dilatin used for? Answer: anti-seizure medication

⫸what is the therapeutic and toxic levels of bilirubin? Answer: elevated levels : 10-20

toxic levels: > 20

⫸what is bilirubin? Answer: bilirrubin is not a drug But a breakdown of mature RBCs

⫸when is bilirubin checked and when you should be concern? Answer: bilirubin is only tested on newborns and its usually a concern when it starts to rise btwn 14-15 don't let it get higher than that because it can cause death

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