NCLEX-RN STUDY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FOR PSYCH 2022

NCLEX-RN STUDY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FOR PSYCH 2022

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of a mental disorder?

• A psychological group of symptoms associated with disability
• A psychological group of symptoms associated with distress
• A response that is other than that expected and culturally accepted to an event
• A psychological group of symptoms associated with suffering, pain, loss of

freedom, or death - ANS-3. Rationale: This characteristic distinguishes mental

disorders from other disorders that nurses may encounter

"Deviant behavior" itself does not define mental disorders, unless the deviance or conflict is symptomatic of the individual's dysfunction. "Deviant" behavior is defined by which of the following? Select all that apply.

• historical and social norms
• Situational context
• Peer relationships
• Understanding of human behavior
• Political norms - ANS-1. Rationale: Today, the "ship of fools" would be described

as mass murder

• Rationale: The man on the street corner who calls himself Napoleon is deviant, yet

the man at the masquerade who calls himself Napoleon is ordinary.

4. Rationale: Homosexuality was voted out of the DSM-III in 1973

• Rationale: Soviet dissidents were diagnosed and institutionalized for deviant

behavior labeled as mental illness ("Delusions of Societal Reform")

One of the obstacles in describing mental disorders is that the phrase "deviant

behavior":

• Has a pejorative connotation
• Derives its meaning from the culture
• Is used colloquially
• Is value-free - ANS-1. Rationale: It is challenging to describe behavior that

deviates from the norm with nonjudgemental , value-neutral language

In the early 19th century, individuals with mental disorders were believed to be:

• Controlled by evil spirits
• Influenced by the moon
• Incurable and dangerous
• Divinely inspired - ANS-3. Rationale: In the early 19th century the emphasis was

on classification of symptoms of mental disorders. The mentally ill were seen as dangerous and incurable

Mental disorders were conceptualized as disordered neurology under the purview of

medicine by:

• Freud
• Pinel
• Hippocrates
• Rush - ANS-4. Rationale: Rush, the father of American psychiatry, viwed mental

illness as a neurophysiological disorder.

The nurse is assessing the client for a possible mental disorder using contemporary beliefs about mental illness as a theoretical base for practice. Given this approach,

the nurse would definitely as about:

• Current medications and recent stressors
• Early childhood experiences and dreams
• Religious practices
• Recent blood transfusions - ANS-1. Rationale: Asking about current medications

will elicit information about any current psychotropic drugs that treat mental illness from a biochemical perspective. Asking about recent stressors will elicit information from the social dimension. These areas reflect contemporary thinking related to mental illness.

Which mental disorders rank among the top ten causes of disability worldwide?(Select all that apply)

1. PTSD

• Antisocial personality disorder
• Bipolar affective disorder
• anxiety disorders
• Schizophrenia - ANS-3. and 5.

Which mental disorder ranks first among the top ten causes of disability worldwide? - ANS-1. Depression ranks first among the top ten causes of disability worldwide

According to Healthy People 2010 report, major mental health problems do not include clients with which of the following? (Select all that apply) - ANS-1. Rationale: Only bullet 8 includes people who abuse substances (as individuals with co-occuring substance abuse and mental disorders)

• Rationale: As veterans return from abroad, incidence and prevalence of PTSD will

increase

5. Rationale: As veterans return from abroad, incidence and prevalence of co-

occuring mental disorders and traumatic brain injury will increase.

The Healthy People 2010 report suggests that the mental health problems listed are associated with which of the following? (Select all that apply) - ANS-2. Rationale: Bullets 5, 7, 8, 1o and 11 pertain to treatment of individuals with identified mental disorders

• Rationale: the theme of "individuals with identified mental disorders who do not

receive treatment," coupled with bullet 10 (cultural competence), suggests that stigma may interfere with treatment

• Rationale: Bullets 1, 4, 10, 11, and 12 involve screening and identification of at-

risk individuals

The basis for evidence-based practice is:

1.The nursing process

• Clinical reasearch and practice.
• Critical thinking
• Clinical algorithms - ANS-2. Rationale: Clinical research is the basis for evidence-

based practice

An outcome of evidence-based practice includes:

• Practice guidelines
• Standardized care

3.Reduced hospital length of stay

• Reduced workload for nurses - ANS-1. Rationale: Based on clinical research and

clinical practice, nurses can develop clinical quidelines for nursing care.

Which of the following critical thinking competencies is NOT applicable to evidence- based practice?

• Identifying meaningful research evidence
• Critically and objectively critiquing research evidence
• Integrating personal experiences and beliefs into the process

4. Developing a plan of care based on research findings. - ANS-3. Rationale:

Including personal experiences and beliefs will inhibit one's ability to remain objective

A benefit of critical pathways is that they:

• Clearly define skills required to care for clients.
• Reflect client outcomes based on nursing interventions.
• Are professional mandates to clinical practice.

4. Are based on trial-and-error nursing. - ANS-2. Rationale: Critical pathways

integrate nursing interventions to achieve client outcomes

Which step in the nursing process is necessary to initiate a change to evidence- based practice?

• Assessment
• Planning
• Implementation
• Evaluation - ANS-1. Rationale: In order to make a change, an assessment of the

need to change is needed

The nurse knows that to maintain an evidence-based practice model of care, the

nurse will:

• Follow traditions and customs that have been practiced for years
• Rely in trial and error to determine the safest method of care
• Follow the agency's policies and prcedures of care
• Review current nursing research - ANS-4. Rationale: Reviewing current current

nursing research will assist the nurse in maintaining an evidence-based model of care

A nurse's first scientific responsibility in conducting research is to:

• Identify what research questions to pursue
• Apply to the Institutional Review Board (IRB) for permission to conduct research
• Identify the participants in the study after the study has been approved
• Select members of the oversight committee. - ANS-1. Rationale: the first step in

any research project is to establish the research the research questions that the study will try to answer

In determining a nurse's readiness to engage in evidence-based practice, the nurse

will:

• Ask other staff members what their beliefs are related to evidence-based practice
• Identify resources needed to access evidence-based information

• Recognize the value of maintaining the status quo

4. Let other staff initiate the change process - ANS-2. Rationale: Determining

availability of resources to assist in the change to evidence-based practice will support the change process

To objectively evaluate the findings of a research study, the nurse will:

• Compare the findings to a similar study
• Rely on clinical experience and knowledge
• Replicate the study to determine if similar results are obtained
• Establish criteria to be used in the evaluation process - ANS-4. Rationale: Decide

what criteria you will use to evaluate this study's value to clients in your clinical area

The best evidence on which to base your clinical practice is based on:

• Standards of nursing care
• Outcomes of a research project
• Practice guidelines
• Critical pathways - ANS-2. Rationale: Outcomes of research will reveal evidence

to support clinical practice

The nurse and physician are discussing a thepeutic approach for a client experiencing depression. The nurse states that clients ahve control over their own lives. What therapeutic approach does this opinion represent?

• Humanism
• Psychoanalysis
• Interactionism
• Conditioning - ANS-3. Rationale: The belief that individuals control their own lives

and events is the basis of interactionism.

A philosophy of service to benefit humanity through science, reason, and democracy

is:

• Symbolic interactionism
• Psychobiology
• Humanism

4. Psychic determinism - ANS-3. Rationale: Humanism focuses on humanity,

science, and democracy.

Which of the following are characterisitcs of a holistic approach to psychiatric-mental health nursing care? (Select all that apply)

• The biological aspect of illness is considred
• Physical symptoms are interrelated with mental factors
• Mental illness does not impact physiologi homeostasis
• The client's socioeconomic status is considered in planning care
• The client's spiritual needs are not considered when planning nursing care - ANS-
• Rationale: A holistic approach to psychiatric-mental health nursing care examines

how physiologic changes that occur with an illness affect emotional well-being.

• Rationale: Physical symptoms can directly impact a client's emotional well-being

and mental health.

• Rationale: A client's socioeconomic status can directly affect a client's ability to

access health care.