NCLEXRN TESTBANK 2022 EXAM

NCLEX/RN TESTBANK 2022 EXAM

QUESTIONS AND ANSWER S

Is a process of learning a different culture to adapt to a new or changing environment. -

: Acculturation.

It is a subjective perspective of the person's heritage and a sense of belonging to a

group - : Ethnic identity

Include meditation, relaxation techniques, imagery, music therapy, massage, touch, laughter, humor, & spiritual measures (prayer). - : Low-risk therapies:

Because of their health & dietary practices, Native Americans, Latino Americans, Hispanic Americans, & African Americans. - : High risk of obesity & diabetes mellitus

Surgery is not prohibited, but the administration of blood and blood products is forbidden. This religious group believes the soul cannot live after death. Administration of medication is an acceptable practice except if the medication is derived from blood

products. - : Jehovah's Witnesses

Believers adhere to dietary kosher laws. In this religion, the dairy-meat combination is unacceptable. Only fish that have scales and fins are allowed; meats that are allowed include animals that are vegetable eaters, cloven-hoofed, and ritually slaughtered. -

: Orthodox Judaism

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include whole medical systems, mind-body medicine, biologically based practices, manipulative & body-based practices, & energy medicine. - : Five

categories of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM):

Focused, maintains strong control, makes decisions, & addresses all problems.Dominates group & commands, rather than seeks suggestions or input. Manager addresses problem (quality improvement) with taff, designs a plan without input, & wants all problems reported directly back to her - : Autocratic leader

Participative & would likely meet with each staff person individually to determine staff member's perception of problem. Would also speak with the staff about any issues & ask the staff for input with developing a plan. - : Democratic leader

Passive and nondirective. Would state what the problem was & inform staff that the staff needed to come up with a plan to "fix it." - : Laissez-faire leader

Assessment findings include cough, dyspnea, crackles, tachypnea, tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, bounding pulse, elevated CVP, weight gain, edema, neck & hand vein distention, altered LOC, & decreased hematocrit. - : Overhydration or fluid overload & occurs when fluid intake or fluid retention

Avocado, bananas, cantaloupe, carrots, fish, mushrooms, oranges, potatoes, pork, beef, veal, raisins, spinach, strawberries, & tomatoes - : Common food

sources of potassium:

Muscle weakness, increased urinary output, & decreased specific gravity of the urine

would be noted - : Hyponatremia

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Causative factors relate to malnutrition or starvation & the use of aluminum hydroxide- based or magnesium-based antacids. Malnutrition is associated with alcoholism. -

: Hypophosphatemia

Renal insufficiency, hypoparathyroidism, & tumor lysis syndrome; causative factors.Should avoid foods high in phosphates; fish, eggs, milk products, vegetables, whole

grains, & carbonated beverages. - : Hyperphosphatemia

Vomiting, diarrhea, conditions that increased respiration's or increased urinary output, insufficient intravenous fluid replacement, draining fistulas, presence of ileostomy or colostomy. Diuretics, & gastrointestinal suctioning. - : Causes of a fluid volume deficit

Decreased kidney function, heart failure, hypotonic fluids to replace isotonic fluid losses, excessive irrigation of wounds & body cavities, & excessive ingestion of sodium. - : Causes of overhydration or fluid overload:

Trauma, burns, sepsis, or metabolic or respiratory acidosis. - :

Hyperkalemia causes:

Cushing's syndrome or colitis & over use of laxatives. - : Hypokalemia

causes:

Decreased pH & decreased HCO3. Occurs in kidney disease; diabetic ketoacidosis; high fat diet; insufficient metabolism of carbohydrates; malnutrition; ingestion of toxins, such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin); malnutrition; severe diarrhea. Intestinal secretion high in bicarbonate & may be lost through enteric drainage tubes, an ileostomy, or

diarrhea. - : Metabolic acidotic

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Nausea & vomiting. Loss of gastric acid, cause pH & HCO3 to increase. Symptoms experienced would include hypoventilation & tachycardia. - : Metabolic alkalosis

Decreased pH and an increased CO2. Hypoventalation & COPD - : Respiratory acidotic

Increased pH & decreased CO2. Hyperventalation, Lethargy, lightheadedness, confusion, tachycardia, dysrhythmias related to hypokalemia, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, numbness & tingling of extremities. Hyperventilation (tachypnea)

occurs. - : Respiratory alkalotic

Sample for PT & INR level to determine anticoagulation status & risk for bleeding -

: Warfarin (Coumadin)

aPTT monitors the effects. Anticoagulant used most often during hemodialysis. Monitors extent of anticoagulation checking PTT, which is appropriate measure heparin effect.

Protamine sulfate is antidote. - : Heparin

Dark green leafy vegetables good source iron, oranges are a good source of vitamin C, which enhances iron absorption. - : Iron deficiency anemia foods in

diet:

May lack B12 in diet. - : Vegans

Include fruits & vegetables - : Low sodium foods:

Highly processed or refined foods (tomato soup, instant oatmeal), Saltwater fish & shellfish. Smoked foods, - : High Sodium foods:

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