Neurology NCLEX questions and

Neurology NCLEX questions and answers (2022/2023) already passed

A white female client is admitted to an acute care facility with a diagnosis of cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Her history reveals bronchial asthma, exogenous obesity, and iron deficiency anemia. Which history finding is a risk factor for CVA?

• Caucasian race
• Female sex
• Obesity
• Bronchial asthma ✔✔Answer C. Obesity is a risk factor for CVA. Other risk factors include a

history of ischemic episodes, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis of the cranial vessels, hypertension, polycythemia, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, oral contraceptive use, emotional stress, family history of CVA, and advancing age. The client's race, sex, and bronchial asthma aren't risk factors for CVA.

The nurse is teaching a female client with multiple sclerosis. When teaching the client how to

reduce fatigue, the nurse should tell the client to:

• take a hot bath.
• rest in an air-conditioned room
• increase the dose of muscle relaxants.

• avoid naps during the day ✔✔Answer B. Fatigue is a common symptom in clients with

multiple sclerosis. Lowering the body temperature by resting in an air-conditioned room may relieve fatigue; however, extreme cold should be avoided. A hot bath or shower can increase body temperature, producing fatigue. Muscle relaxants, prescribed to reduce spasticity, can cause drowsiness and fatigue. Planning for frequent rest periods and naps can relieve fatigue. Other measures to reduce fatigue in the client with multiple sclerosis include treating depression, using occupational therapy to learn energy conservation techniques, and reducing spasticity.

A male client is having a tonic-clonic seizures. What should the nurse do first?

• Elevate the head of the bed.
• Restrain the client's arms and legs.
• Place a tongue blade in the client's mouth.
• Take measures to prevent injury. ✔✔Answer D. Protecting the client from injury is the

immediate priority during a seizure. Elevating the head of the bed would have no effect on the client's condition or safety. Restraining the client's arms and legs could cause injury. Placing a tongue blade or other object in the client's mouth could damage the teeth.

A female client with Guillain-Barré syndrome has paralysis affecting the respiratory muscles and requires mechanical ventilation. When the client asks the nurse about the paralysis, how should the nurse respond?

• "You may have difficulty believing this, but the paralysis caused by this disease is temporary."

• "You'll have to accept the fact that you're permanently paralyzed. However, you won't have

any sensory loss."

• "It must be hard to accept the permanency of your paralysis."
• "You'll first regain use of your legs and then your arms." ✔✔Answer A. The nurse should

inform the client that the paralysis that accompanies Guillain-Barré syndrome is only temporary.Return of motor function begins proximally and extends distally in the legs.

The nurse is working on a surgical floor. The nurse must logroll a male client following a:

• laminectomy.
• thoracotomy.
• hemorrhoidectomy.
• cystectomy. ✔✔Answer A. The client who has had spinal surgery, such as laminectomy, must

be logrolled to keep the spinal column straight when turning. The client who has had a thoracotomy or cystectomy may turn himself or may be assisted into a comfortable position.Under normal circumstances, hemorrhoidectomy is an outpatient procedure, and the client may resume normal activities immediately after surgery.

A female client with a suspected brain tumor is scheduled for computed tomography (CT). What should the nurse do when preparing the client for this test?

• Immobilize the neck before the client is moved onto a stretcher.

• Determine whether the client is allergic to iodine, contrast dyes, or shellfish.
• Place a cap over the client's head.
• Administer a sedative as ordered. ✔✔Answer B. Because CT commonly involves use of a

contrast agent, the nurse should determine whether the client is allergic to iodine, contrast dyes, or shellfish. Neck immobilization is necessary only if the client has a suspected spinal cord injury. Placing a cap over the client's head may lead to misinterpretation of test results; instead, the hair should be combed smoothly. The physician orders a sedative only if the client can't be expected to remain still during the CT scan.

During a routine physical examination to assess a male client's deep tendon reflexes, the nurse

should make sure to:

• use the pointed end of the reflex hammer when striking the Achilles tendon.
• support the joint where the tendon is being tested.
• tap the tendon slowly and softly
• hold the reflex hammer tightly. ✔✔Answer B. To prevent the attached muscle from

contracting, the nurse should support the joint where the tendon is being tested. The nurse should use the flat, not pointed, end of the reflex hammer when striking the Achilles tendon. (The pointed end is used to strike over small areas, such as the thumb placed over the biceps tendon.) Tapping the tendon slowly and softly wouldn't provoke a deep tendon reflex response. The nurse should hold the reflex hammer loosely, not tightly, between the thumb and fingers so it can swing in an arc.