NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm

NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm Latest Update - 170 Questions and 100% Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+

3 characteristics of bronchitis - CORRECT ANSWER: bronchial inflammation

hypersecretion of mucus chronic productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months for at least 2 successive years

3 layers of the bronchioles - CORRECT ANSWER: innermost layer

middle layer - lamina propria outermost layer

Acute Kidney Injury - CORRECT ANSWER: Sudden decline in kidney function with a

decrease in GFR and an increase in plasma creatinine and BUN levels -results in oliguria

After air passes through the trachea where does it go? - CORRECT ANSWER: goes

into the left or right bronchi

Afterload - CORRECT ANSWER: the amount of resistance to open the semilunar valves and eject of blood from the ventricle

alveolar hyperinflation - CORRECT ANSWER: When air is unable to move out of the

alveolar like it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around possible mucus plug thus trapping air inside

anemia risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER: acute or chronic blood loss, increased

hemolysis, inadequate dietary intake or malabsorption, bone marrow suppression, age 1 / 3

angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) - CORRECT ANSWER: an enzyme that converts

angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Ascending infection - CORRECT ANSWER: - urethra to bladder, and then to kidney

- due to: bacteria from residual fecal contamination

Asthma - CORRECT ANSWER: Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an

excessive inflammatory response in the bronchioles

average amount of preload? - CORRECT ANSWER: 120-130 mls

Azoetmia - CORRECT ANSWER: presence of elevated plasma creatinine

benign prostatic hyperplasia - CORRECT ANSWER: benign growth of cells within the prostate gland

Biventricular failure - CORRECT ANSWER: unresolved left sided heart failure will increase pressure on the right side of the heart contributing to right sided heart failure as well

Bladder anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER: - ureter

• bladder

-urethra

blood cell formation in adults over 20 - CORRECT ANSWER: red marrow in large bones -illium, vertebrae, cranium, jaw, sternum, ribs, humerus, and femur

Blood cell formation in chidren 0-5 years old - CORRECT ANSWER: red marrow of all bones to make blood cells 2 / 3

blood hydrostatic pressure - CORRECT ANSWER: the pressure produced by a fluid

against a surface

BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) - CORRECT ANSWER: Age-associated prostate

gland enlargement that can cause urination difficulty.

BPH treatment - CORRECT ANSWER: - Alpha-adrenergic antagonists: terazosin, doxazosin

- 5-alpha reductase inhibitors: finasteride, dutasteride

• Transurethral prostatectomy
• Open prostatectomy

Bronchioles - CORRECT ANSWER: smaller passageways that originate from the

bronchi that become the alveoli

bronchitis - CORRECT ANSWER: inflammation of the bronchial tubes

cardiac reserve - CORRECT ANSWER: difference between resting and maximal CO;

should be about 4-5x as high but does decrease 1% per year after age 30

causes of anemia - CORRECT ANSWER: - impaired RBC production

• excessive blood loss
• increased RBC destruction

Causes of bronchitis - CORRECT ANSWER: -long term exposure to environmental

irritants -repeated episodes of acute infection (RSV infection in early infancy) -Factors affecting gestational childhood lung development (preterm birth)

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