NR 507 FINAL EXAM LATEST ACTUAL EXAM

NR 507 FINAL EXAM LATEST ACTUAL EXAM

WITH 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

(100% CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS) NR 507

ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ACTUAL FINAL

EXAM C HAMBERLAIN (BRAND NEW!)

A 25 year- old female presents to the primary care office with urinary burning and frequency for the last 3 days. She denies any fever, chills, back pain. Her gynecological history is negative and reports no vaginal discharge. The only new information reported is that she recently had sexual intercourse with a new male partner.The NP obtains a urinalysis and determines that the urine contains leukocytes, RBCs, nitrites, and WBCs. No casts are identified. Based on symptom presentation

and UA results, the patient can be diagnosed with:

• Cystitis
• Complicated UTI
• Pyelonephritis
• Upper UTI
• Cystitis

Which of the following is true regarding a complicated urinary tract infection?

• Bacteria is located mostly in the lower urinary tract
• Is associated with young adults
• Can be caused by a structural urinary tract disorder
• It is usually asymptomatic
• Can be caused by a structural urinary tract disorder

Uncomplicated UTI:

• Occurs in the normal urinary tract
• A UTI that extends beyond the bladder
• Caused by structural or functional urinary tract abnormalities or untreated UTI
• Responds well to a short course of antibiotic therapy 1 / 4

• Infants and older adults affected
• Simple cystitis in non-pregnant women without any urologic abnormalities

G. Associated with: indwelling catheters, renal calculi, diabetes, pregnancy

• Occurs in the normal urinary tract
• Responds well to a short course of antibiotic therapy
• Simple cystitis in non-pregnant women without any urologic abnormalities

Complicated UTI:

• Occurs in the normal urinary tract
• A UTI that extends beyond the bladder
• Caused by structural or functional urinary tract abnormalities or untreated UTI
• Responds well to a short course of antibiotic therapy
• Infants and older adults affected
• Simple cystitis in non-pregnant women without any urologic abnormalities

G. Associated with: indwelling catheters, renal calculi, diabetes, pregnancy

• A UTI that extends beyond the bladder
• Caused by structural or functional urinary tract abnormalities or untreated UTI
• Infants and older adults affected

G. Associated with: indwelling catheters, renal calculi, diabetes, pregnancy

J.S. is an 80 -year-old patient who resides in a local nursing home. He recently became confused and then fell while ambulating to the bathroom three days ago.Because of his confusion and fall, he was transferred to the acute care facility for evaluation and treatment. Lab work revealed that the patient was very dehydrated with hypernatremia identified and appropriate intravenous fluids started. Cystitis was also identified from the urinalysis. He was also noted to have red and excoriated skin between the buttocks and inner thighs due to urinary frequency and dribbling. To help with skin healing and to prevent further urine leakage, an indwelling catheter was inserted. Two days after the catheter was placed, the patient spiked a fever of 102 degrees Fahrenheit associated with shaking chills. An intense, foul odor was noted in the urine. On examination of the flank area, the patient yelled out when touched. A urine culture was obtained and came back positive for nitrites and RBCs. Urine microscopy revealed >100,000 WBC/hpf and 2 / 4

casts.Based on the information provided in the case, the patient can most likely be

diagnosed with:

• Urinary obstruction
• Pyelonephritis
• Simple UTI
• Glom
• Pyelonephritis

Identify the major risk factor J.S. has that is associated with pyelonephritis:

Indwelling Foley catheter Flank pain Dehydration Fever Indwelling Foley catheter The urinalysis of a patient with a complicated UTI will show WBCs and casts True False True

A common organism that causes a urinary tract infection include:

Syncytial virus.Staphylococcus saprophyticus.Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA).Streptococcus pneumonia.Staphylococcus saprophyticus.Upon examination of a urinalysis, the NP can highly suspect that the causative

bacteria are gram negative because of the presence of:

RBCs.Casts.Nitrites.WBCs.Nitrites 3 / 4

The NP would know that the patient most likely has an uncomplicated UTI

because:

The UTI responds well to a short course of antibiotic therapy.The bacteria are contained within the bladder.There is low-grade fever.Flank pain is present but minimal.The UTI responds well to a short course of antibiotic therapy.A 21-year-old patient reports to the primary care clinic complaining of urinary urgency, frequency and burning. She also reports a small amount of vaginal discharge that contains an odor. It is likely that the NP will perform a vaginal exam at this visit.True False True Women are at a higher risk for the development of a UTI because of having a shorter urethra. True or False True Which of the following can help to prevent a UTI?

• Douching to prevent the growth of bacteria
• Increase water consumption
• Taking more Vitamin D
• Use spermicides during sexual intercourse

Increase water consumption Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

• Frequent showering
• Perimenopause
• Marathon running
• Pregnancy
• Pregnancy

A symptom of a lower urinary tract infection includes:

• Decreased Urination
• / 4