NR 507 Week 4 Midterm Exam LATEST

NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology

NR 507 Week 4 Midterm Exam LATEST

• fall QTR (Actual Exam) A+

• A 10 year old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard. He experiences a severe allergic

reaction and has to go to the ER. The nurse providing care realizes this reaction is the result of:

1. IGE

b. Chronic bronchitis is characterized by:

• Right ventricular hypertrophy
• A 6 year old female is diagnosed with a bacterial infection of the respiratory system. Which of

the following will most likely try to fight the antigen?

• Antibodies
• A 52 year old male is diagnosed with urinary tract obstruction. While designing the treatment

plan, the nurse realizes that the patient is expected to have hydronephrosis and a decreased

glomerular filtration rate caused by:

• Dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces proximal to a blockage
• Which hormone is synthesized and secreted by the kidneys to stimulate bone marrow

production of red blood cells?

• Erythropoietin
• A 4 year old male is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following assessment

findings accompanies this condition?

• Proteinuria
• During which stage of human development does the role of epigenetics have the greatest impact

on the development of epigenetic abnormalities?

• In utero

b. Under most circumstances, increased work of breathing results in:

• Oxygenated blood is transported from the lungs to the heart via the pulmonary veins

b. The renin-angiotensin system will be activated by:

• Decreased blood pressure in the afferent arterioles

b. A nurse realizes glucose will be excreted in the urine when:

• The carrier molecules have reached their maximum
• The FNP is giving an example of inflammation as an etiology for cancer development. What is the

NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology

best example the FNP should give?

• Ulcerative colitis and colon cancer
• Which type of nephron determines the concentration of the urine?
• Juxtamedullary

NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology

• A 22 year old was recently diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which

decreased lab finding would be expected to accompany this virus?

• CD4 + T-helper
• What type of phagocytic cell lies between the layers of the renal capillaries?
• Mesangial cells
• A 35 year old hypertensive male begins taking a diuretic. Which of the following common side

effects of this medication should the nurse monitor?

• Hypokalemia
• The movement of blood info and out of the capillary beds of the lungs to the body tissues and

cells describes the process of:

• Perfusion
• Which of the following terms should the nurse use when there is a balance between outward

recoil of the chest wall and inward recoil of lungs at rest?

• Functional residual capacity (FRC) is reached
• Upon examination of the male infant, it is determined that the urethral meatus is located

undersurface of the penis. The nurse will document this condition as:

• Hypospadias
• If the FNP wants to obtain the best estimate of renal function, which test should the nurse

monitor?

• Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
• A 54 year old male with a long history of smoking complains of excessive tiredness, shortness of

breath, and overall ill feelings. Lab results reveal decreased pH, increased CO2, and normal

bicarbonate ion. These findings help to confirm the diagnosis of:

• Respiratory acidosis
• A 5 year old male presents with low-set ears, a fish-shaped mouth, and involuntary rapid

muscular contraction. Laboratory testing reveals decreased calcium levels. Which of the following diagnosis is most likely?

• T-lymphocyte deficiency
• When the FNP is checking the urinalysis, plasma proteins should be absent from the urine

because:

• The negative charge of the glomerular filtration membrane repels the plasma proteins
• A 55 year old female reports urinary retention. Tests reveal a lower urinary tract obstruction.

Which of the following is of most concern to the nurse?

• Formation of renal calculi

NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology

• The lamina propria area of the bronchioles plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of chronic

bronchitis because this is where:

• Inflammatory cell activation occurs
• Pulmonary function tests reveal that an 80 year old dyspneic patient has an increase in residual

volume. The FNP suspects the most likely cause of the increased residual volume is in lung compliance.

• A decrease
• The nurse practitioner would correctly respond that the etiology of a congenital immune

deficiency is due to a:

• Genetic defect

b. Carbon dioxide is mainly transported in the blood:

• In the form of bicarbonate

b. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is directly related to the :

• Perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillaries
• When considering abnormal epigenetic modifications, what factor is currently being viewed as

strongly associated with the development of some cancers?

• Environmental stressors
• Which of the following clusters of symptoms would support a child’s diagnosis of

glomerulonephritis?

• Gross hematuria, edema, and hypertension
• When a staff member asks which of the following substances is actively secreted by the renal

tubules, what is the FNP’s best response?

• Hydrogen and potassium

b. A client with chronic bronchitis is most likely to experience:

• Respiratory acidosis due to inability to exhale CO2
• An infant is experiencing hemolytic disease of the newborn. Which of the following would the

nurse expect to find in the infant’s history and physical?

• The baby is Rh positive
• During inspiration, muscular contraction of the diaphragm causes air to move into the lung. The

mechanism that drives air movement during inspiration results is a:

• Increase in the size of the thorax and decrease in intrapleural pressure
• A 10 year old child is diagnosed with glomerulonephritis. Tests reveal the deposition of

immunoglobulin IgA in the glomerular capillaries. The nurse will monitor for recurrent:

• Hematuria