NR 546 NR546 Actual Final Exam

NR 546 / NR546 Actual Final Exam iction Questions (All Correct Answers, already Graded A)

Question:

Which of the following is considered the pleasure center of the brain?

• Cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical loop
• Mesolimbic dopamine pathway
• Mesocortical dopamine pathway
• None of the above

Answer:

• Mesolimbic dopamine pathway

Question:

The reactive reward system signals the immediate prospect of pleasure or pain and triggers drug-seeking behavior.

• True
• False

Answer:

• True 1 / 4

Question:

What role does the amygdala play in substance abuse?

• Releases phasic bursts of dopamine to the nucleus accumbens when drugs

of abuse are present

• Communicates to the ventral tegmental area when cues related to drugs

of abuse are present

• Site of binding for most drugs of abuse
• A and B E. A, B, and C

Answer:

• Communicates to the ventral tegmental area when cues related to drugs

of abuse are present

Question:

A 45-year-old patient has tried unsuccessfully to quit smoking several times over the past ten years. Nicotine's actions at which receptors are considered primarily responsible for its reinforcing effects?

• Alpha 4 beta 2 postsynaptic receptors in the ventral tegmental area B.

Alpha 7 postsynaptic receptors in the prefrontal cortex

• A and B
• Neither A nor B

Answer:

• Alpha 4 beta 2 postsynaptic receptors in the ventral tegmental area

• / 4

Question:

A 35-year-old cigarette smoker would like to quit but is nervous because she typically craves a cigarette approximately every 2 hrs. The craving and

withdrawal are due to:

• Desensitization of nicotinic receptors
• Resensitization of nicotinic receptors C. Desensitization of muscarinic

receptors

• Resensitization of muscarinic receptors

Answer:

• Resensitization of nicotinic receptors

Question:

A 44-year-old patient has schizophrenia and comorbid alcohol abuse disorder. Alcohol has what effect on GABA and glutamate in the ventral tegmental area?

• Increases GABA and decreases glutamate
• Increases both GABA and glutamate C. Decreases GABA and increases

glutamate

• Decreases both GABA and glutamate

Answer:

• Increases GABA and decreases glutamate

• / 4

Question:

A 26-year-old patient with ADHD has recently entered a drug rehabilitation center following arrest for possession of cocaine. The cocaine use in this patient may be an attempt at self-medication for ADHD symptoms because it inhibits the dopamine transporter (but is not itself taken up into the neuron by the transporter). Thus, cocaine has the same action at the

dopamine transporter as:

• Cocaine has the same actions at the dopamine transporter as

amphetamine B. Cocaine has the same actions at the dopamine transporter as methylphenidate

• A and B
• Neither A nor B

Answer:

• Cocaine has the same actions at the dopamine transporter as

methylphenidate

Question:

Patrick is a 22-year-old male who recently experienced a psychotic-like episode after trying MDMA ("ecstasy") while at a party. A key binding site for

hallucinogens is the:

• GABA-A receptor
• Cannabinoid 1 receptor
• Serotonin 2A receptor
• Serotonin 2C receptor

Answer:

• Serotonin 2A receptor
• / 4