NR507 FINAL ACTUAL EXAM, NR 507 WEEK 8 EXAM

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NR507 FINAL ACTUAL EXAM, NR 507 WEEK 8 EXAM

ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 220 QUESTIONS

AND DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS CHAMBERLAIN

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Which of the following is true regarding a complicated urinary tract infection? - ANSWER✔✔Can be caused by a structural urinary tract disorder

Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of a urinary tract infection (UTI)? - ANSWER✔✔Pregnancy

A symptom of a lower urinary tract infection includes: - ANSWER✔✔urgency

Women are at a higher risk for the development of a UTI because of having a shorter urethra. - ANSWER✔✔true

Which of the following can help to prevent a UTI? - ANSWER✔✔Increase water consumption

Uncomplicated UTI - ANSWER✔✔Occurs in the normal urinary tract Responds well to short course of antibiotic therapy 1 / 4

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2 Simple cystitis in non-pregnant women without any urologic abnormalities

Complicated UTI - ANSWER✔✔UTI extends beyond the bladder Caused by structural or functional urinary tract abnormalities or untreated UTI Infants and older adults affected

Associated with: indwelling catheters, renal calculi, diabetes, pregnancy

A 25 year- old female presents to the primary care office with urinary burning and frequency for the last 3 days. She denies any fever, chills, back pain. Her gynecological history is negative and reports no vaginal discharge. The only new information reported is that she recently had sexual intercourse with a new male partner.The NP obtains a urinalysis and determines that the urine contains leukocytes, RBCs, nitrites, and WBCs. No casts are identified. Based on symptom presentation and UA results, the patient

can be diagnosed with: - ANSWER✔✔cystitis

J.S. is an 80 -year-old patient who resides in a local nursing home. He recently became confused and then fell while ambulating to the bathroom three days ago. Because of his confusion and fall, he was transferred to the acute care facility for evaluation and treatment. Lab work revealed that the patient was very dehydrated with hypernatremia identified and appropriate intravenous fluids started. Cystitis was also identified from the urinalysis. He was also noted to have red and excoriated skin between the buttocks and inner thighs due to urinary frequency and dribbling. To help with skin healing and to prevent further urine leakage, an indwelling catheter was inserted. Two days after the catheter was placed, the patient spiked a fever of 102 degrees Fahrenheit associated with shaking chills. An intense, foul odor was noted in the urine. 2 / 4

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3 On examination of the flank area, the patient yelled out when touched. A urine c - ANSWER✔✔pyelonephritis

Identify the major risk factor J.S. has that is associated with pyelonephritis: - ANSWER✔✔indwelling foley catheter

The urinalysis of a patient with a complicated UTI will show WBCs and casts - ANSWER✔✔true

Upon examination of a urinalysis, the NP can highly suspect that the causative bacteria are gram

negative because of the presence of: - ANSWER✔✔nitrites

A 21-year-old patient reports to the primary care clinic complaining of urinary urgency, frequency and burning. She also reports a small amount of vaginal discharge that contains an odor. It is likely that the NP will perform a vaginal exam at this visit. - ANSWER✔✔true

The NP would know that the patient most likely has an uncomplicated UTI because: - ANSWER✔✔The UTI responds well to a short course of antibiotic therapy.

A common organism that causes a urinary tract infection include: - ANSWER✔✔Staphylococcus saprophyticus.E coli 3 / 4

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The purpose of straining in BPH is to overcome the obstruction encountered during urination. - ANSWER✔✔true

The peripheral zone of the prostate is the largest zone. - ANSWER✔✔true

On a digital rectal exam to assess the quality of the prostate, the NP would be concerned with which of the following findings? - ANSWER✔✔hard nodule

There is a significant risk for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) to develop cellular mutations that lead to prostate cancer. - ANSWER✔✔false

The patient most often develops symptoms of BPH when: - ANSWER✔✔The prostatic urethra becomes obstructed.

Irritative symptoms - ANSWER✔✔urinary frequency nocturia urgency that results from bladder hypertrophy and dysfunction

obstructive symptoms - ANSWER✔✔incomplete emptying

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