NUFT 204 Exam 2 Review Questions

NUFT 204 Exam 2 Review Questions (Latest -

• What are some health history questions to ask a patient in regards to hair, skin, and nails?

Answer:

-Any allergies, hives, psoriasis, eczema -Change in mole -Change in pigmentation (size or color) -Excessive dryness or moisture -Pruritus (itching) -Rash or lesion -Taking any medications -Any hair loss or change in nails -Environmental/occupational hazards -Self care behaviors

• What are external variables that influence skin color?

Answer:

Emotions Environment Physical

(ex: temperature, cigarette smoking, prolonged elevation/dependent position of extremities, prolonged inactivity)

• Our skin color is made up of & .

Answer: Melanin & Carotine (and the volume of blood circulating in the dermis)

• When assessing a patients skin, what equipment is needed?

Answer:

-strong direct lighting -small cm ruler -penlight, adequate lighting -gloves

• 4 Abnormal Skin Findings

Answer: PALLOR- pale, indicates anemia, shock CYANOSIS- blue tinge or gray color in lips, lack of O2 or exposure to cold JAUNDICE- yellow increased from serum bilirubin; indicates liver disease ERYTHEMA- red from increased blood flow, indicates inflammation, fever, blushing

• Pallor in light and dark skin

Answer: light- white or pale darker- yellowish brown/ashen gray 1 / 2

• Erythema in light and dark skin

Answer: light- red or bright pink dark- purplish tint

• Cyanosis in light and dark skin

Answer: light- dusky blue dark- dark, dull & lifeless

• Jaundice in light and dark skin

Answer: light- yellow, yellow sclera, hard palate of mouth dark- yellow sclera, hard & soft palate juncture, palms of hands

• How do you systematically inspect and palpate skin? (hint: where do you start and end)

Answer: head to neck, to trunk, arms, legs, and back

(note any lesions, discoloration, and unusual odors

• Extremely high temperature vs. extremely low temperature

Answer:

Hyperthermia vs.Hypothermia

• Excessive sweating

Answer: Diaphoresis

• How do you assess skin turgor?

Answer: pinching large fold of skin on the anterior chest under the clavicle

• Where do you assess skin turgor on a baby?

Answer: the abdomen

• When inspecting a patients nails what are you looking for?

Answer:

Edges- smooth and round Share & Contour- flat and slightly rounded Consistency- note grooves, depression, pitting, and ridges Color- pink, blanched in light skin clients, yellow/brown with vertical lines in dark pigment

• Slight indentation, no perceptible swelling of leg (2mm)

Answer: 1+ pitting edema

• Indentation subsides rapidly (4mm)

Answer: 2+ moderate pitting

• / 2