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NUR 105 TEST 2
- Pharmacokinetics
Answer how medications travel through the body; variety of biochemical processes - absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
- absorption
Answer transmission of medications from location of administration to the bloodstream
- distribution
Answer transportation of medications to sites of action by body fluids
- metabolism
Answer "biotransformation;" changes medication into less active or inactive form by action of enzymes; occurs mostly in liver, also kidneys, lungs, intestines, blood
- first-pass effect
Answer liver inactivates some meds on first pass through; requires nonenteral route such as sublingual or IV
- therapeutic index
Answer determines safety margin of a medication
high TI = wide safety margin; does not require routine serum-level monitoring low 1 / 2
TI = narrow safety margin; requires close monitoring
- peak level
Answer highest plasma level, when elimination = absorption
- half-life (t 1/2)
Answer time required for med in body to drop by 50%; liver/kidney function affect t 1/2; 4 half-lives to achieve a steady state of serum concentration
- short t 1/2
Answer med leaves body 4-8 hours
- long t 1/2
Answer med leaves body > 24 hours
- pharmacodynamics
Answer interactions between medications & target cells, body systems, & organs to produce effects
- agonists
- antagonists
- / 2
Answer meds that bind to or mimic receptor activity that endogenous com- pounds regulate "increase the action of a drug"
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