NUR 110 Cognitive - Answer reaction of nociceptors sending messages...

NUR 110 Cognitive

• pathophysiology of a headache

Answer reaction of nociceptors sending messages to thalamus through the trigeminal nerve (CN V) Primary v Secondary

• what harm can increased intracranial pressure cause?

Answer ICP can decrease cerebral blood flow which decreases cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) and leads to secondary injury of the brain via cytotoxic and anoxic injury and herniation of the brain

• what position should a pt be in with ICP?

Answer Trendelenburg's position (elevate HOB)

• what is the halo test?

Answer CSF separates from blood when it is placed on gauze, and it produces a clinically detectable sign

the ring sign, double-ring sign, or halo sign.

• how long might a dura tear take to stop leaking CSF?

Answer 7-10 days, may need craniotomy for repair

• what is the treatment for a simple linear skull fracture?

Answer bedrest and obser- vation for underlying injury to brain tissue / hematoma formation 1 / 2

• concussion

Answer my also be called Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (MTBI)

• reversible interference with brain function
• typically resulted from a blow to the head that leads to excessive movement of the brain which

disrupts normal neurologic function

• s/s of concussion

Answer

• loss of consciousness

• amnesia
• headache

• contusion

Answer bruising of brain tissue, rupture of small blood vessels, and edema

Blunt blow to the head, possible residual damage depending on the force used

• closed head injury

Answer Injury in which the brain has been injured but the skin/skull has not been broken and there is no obvious bleeding.

• open head injury

Answer Injury to the head often caused by a penetrating object in which there may be bleeding and exposed brain tissue.

• what are the long term consequences of abusive head trauma in children?-
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