.png){kind=logo}
NUR 211 Test 4
- Community nursing focus
Answer Health promotion and maintenance Prevention Slowing disease progression Improve quality of life Health promotion exercise, nutrition, vaccines, smoking cessation, preventative medicine
We should educate people as early as possible
- What makes a community healthy?
Answer Time magazine link Buncombe County Unemployment Rate link
Look at health indicators and health determinants Five influencers of health
Answer
Policy making Social factors Health services Individual behavior Biology and genetics
- Health Prevention
Answer Primary - health promotion and prevention Secondary -health maintenance, screening 1 / 4
Tertiary - minimizing disease progression, improve quality of life
- Epidemiology
Answer Look at statistical information regarding the spread of disease, number of people affected, evaluate prevention programs CDC MMWR link Incidence - number of new cases per 1,000 people Prevalence - number of existing cases at a specific time per 1,000 people Mortality Rate - number of deaths from a specific cause per 1,000 people Morbidity - incidence of a specific disease
- Incidence
Answer number of new cases per 1,000 people
- Prevalence
Answer number of existing cases at a specific time per 1,000 people
- Mortality rate
Answer number of deaths from a specific cause per 1,000 people
- Morbidity
Answer incidence of a specific disease
- Windshield survey
Answer Assessing the community health by driving around and looking at the community
What are you looking for? Collect data Assess, Diagnose, Plan, Implement, Evaluate Policy making helps determine health through how much money goes to services to help with medical costs, rules about what health providers can and cant do.
- / 4
Also social factors determine health Genetics also plays a role in health
- What is available for the consumer?
Answer Media - Television, radio, commercials, billboards Literacy -education materials must be at a 5th grade reading level Immunizations Buncombe County Immunization Rates What is out in the community for the consumer to learn and know regarding health? How do you identify what is available and what is needed?
- What is sickle-cell?
Answer Normally people have Hgb-AA Glutamic acid
Affected individuals have Hgb-SS Switches glutamic acid for Valine Cell has shortened life span Translation
hemoglobin is abnormal, therefore it doesn't function as well Autosomal Recessive Disorder 25% chance of children obtaining What would individuals with Hgb-AS be? Carriers (Sickle Cell Trait)
Incidence African Americans Mediterranean, Caribbean, South America, Central America, Arabia, East India Hemolytic anemia It is designated as hemoglobin AA which means it is normal hemoglobin and contains glutamic acid If glutamic acid is replaced by Valine, it is changes to Hgb SS
If someone has AS it means they are a carrier but will not have the active disease. Autosomal Recessive Disorder
Answer If both parents are carriers, a child has a 25% chance of getting sickle cell and 50% to be a carrier
- / 4
Genetic, cells are more likely to be misshaped which causes them to get stuck and also decreases their oxygen carrying capacity
- Genetic inheritance of sickle cell
Answer This demonstrates the gene inheritance pattern for parents that are carriers that have children
Autosomal Recessive
Genetic counseling for parents that are both carriers
- Types of sickle cell disease
Answer Sickle Cell Anemia Most severe
Most common Homozygous for hemoglobin S (HgbS) Sickle Cell C Disease 2nd most common Sickle cell (HgbC) Sickle Cell Sickle cell (Hgb E) Sickle Cell Thalassemia Less severe and less common
- Pathophysiology of sickle cell
Answer Cells sickle, begin to clump together and form a stoppage but it is different from a clot but can function like a clot in stopping blood flow to certain areas
Blood becomes viscous
Prevents blood flow to tissues (especially smaller tissues) Two types of vessels affected most?Venules and capillaries
Triggering events Stress Traumatic event Infection Fever Acidosis Physical exertion Excessive cold exposure Hypoxia is a big one because low oxygen causes more sickling which causes lower oxygen which causes more sickling Etc....
- Do individuals with sickle cell have pain?
- / 4
.png)