NUR 254 Integumentary 1

NUR 254 Integumentary 1

• What are risk factors for burns?

Answer

• Males
• Older adults (65+)
• Children age 4 and younger
• Socioeconomic status
• African and native Americans
• Rural areas
• Physical/mental disability
• Occupation

• Who is most at risk of death by burns?

Answer Older adults

• What are considerations for older adults in relation to burns?

Answer

• Suffer greater

% of TBSA d/t thinner skin

• Experience more inhalation injuries d/t decreased mucus production and goblet cells
• Likely to have pre-existing conditions that increase risk for complications

• Why are burn pts at risk for hypovolemic shock?

Answer When burns get into deep tissues, cell membranes rupture causing inability to retain water

• What are the 4 different types of burns?

Answer

• Thermal 1 / 3

• Chemical
• Electrical
• Radiation

• What is a thermal burn?

Answer Exposure to dry heat (flames) or moist heat (steam and hot liquids)

• What is a chemical burn?

Answer Direct skin contact with acids/base agents, or organic compounds

• What is a electrical burn?

Answer Exposure to direct current or alternating current (internal damage more severe w/ this)

• What is a radiation burn?

Answer Usually associated w/ sunburn or radiation treatment

• What type of tests need to be done for electrical burns specifically?

Answer -

EKG/cardiac monitoring

• What other injuries can result from an electrical burn?

Answer

• Tetany injuries

• Spasms to the point of breaking bones
• Traumatic injuries (r/t being thrown)
• Slowed healing process (d/t injuries to both the skin and bone) 2 / 3

• What are some important teachings for pts at risk for/with radiation burns?

Answer

• Don't put lotion on before chemo treatment

• Drink plenty of water
• Don't wear tight clothing
• Avoid skin irritation

• How do you stop the burning with a dry heat thermal burn?

Answer Smother inflamed clothing (stop, drop, and roll)

• (T/F) Moist heat thermal burns is stopped by using lavage with cold water.-

Answer False (Must use COOL water)

• How do you stop the burning with a chemical burn?

Answer Immediately remove clothing and use hose/shower for at least 20 minutes for liquid chemicals (powder chemicals need to be removed prior to being rinsed)

• How do you stop electrical burning? What must you check on this pt once the burning is

stopped?

Answer

• Ensure electrical source is disconnected & move pt to safety

• ABC's, C-spine precautions, exit/entry sites, assess for injuries, check LOC (PER- RLA,

AOx4, & GCS)

• How do you stop radiation burning?
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