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NUR 347 Respiratory
- What are the three buffer systems in the body?
Answer
- chemical and protein-first line of defense, binds and releases Hydrogen
- Respiratory buffer, controls CO2 levels by breaking down bi carb
- Renal system
Answer
most effective
- Hyperventilation causes CO2 to be
Answer
CO2 be blown off, therefore decrease Hydrogen
- Hypoventilation causes retention of
Answer
CO2 and increase of hydrogen
- Normal pH level?
Answer
7.35-7.45 1 / 4
- Normal PaCO2 level?
Answer
35-45
- Normal HCO3 level?
Answer
22-26
- Normal BE level?
Answer
-2-2
neg # = deficit in base so metabolic acidosis above 2= metabolic alkalosis
- What is the tx of respiratory alkalosis?
Answer
easiest to tx
-have pt use a paper bag or a non rebreather (w/O O2) this will cause resp. rate to decrease (hyperventilation)
- What is the tx of resp. acidosis?
Answer
-narcotic reversal drug 2 / 4
-stimulate pt -nebulizer -pt on vent need tidal vol increased
- What is the tx for metabolic alkalosis?
Answer
-most difficult to reverse
-wait for pt to decrease bicarb on own or Diamox (diuretic)
- What is the tx for metabolic acidosis?
Answer
-give bicarb in REALLY small amounts
- What is an uncompensated ABG?
Answer
pH and ONE other value is abnormal
- What is a partially compensated ABG?
Answer
All values abnormal, two agree and one does not
- What is compensated ABG?
Answer
pH is norma CO2 and HCO3 are not 3 / 4
- What are the 3 types of COPD?
Answer
-emphysema
-chronic bronchitis (irreversible) -asthma (reversible early)
- What is COPD?
Answer
characterized by airflow limitation, associated with abnormal inflammatory response of lungs
- What causes COPD?
Answer
inflammation, mucosal edema, excessive mucus pro- duction, loss of elastic support and bronchoconstriction
-airway obstruction is more pronounced on expiration
- How do you dx COPD?
Answer
-H/P
-chest xray -pulmonary function test -ABG -EKG
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