NUR 405 - Week 6 - Answer - normal and abnormal processes of intra...

NUR 405 - Week 6

• Intracranial regulation concept

Answer

• normal and abnormal processes of intracranial function

• intra

within

• cranium

bone structures that cover the brain

• brain

circulatory system and duramater

• regulation compliance and maintenance of balance

• Central nervous system function

Answer

• system integrity 1 / 4

• homeostasis
• oxygen
• glucose
• CSF
• filtration

• Parts of brain protective barrier

Answer

• scalp

• skull
• dura mater
• arachnoid
• subarachnoid space with CSF
• pia mater
• brain

• blood vessels of the brain

Answer

• basilar artery

• circle of Willis
• anterior cerebral artery
• middle cerebral artery
• posterior cerebral artery

• Factors that impair ICR

Answer

• impaired perfusion 2 / 4

• compromised neurotransmission
• glucose regulation
• pathology

• Cerebral autoregulation

Answer

• ability of the brain to maintain blood flow
• fairly constant rate of 1000cc/min
• MAP > 130 cab be lost

• Compliance

Answer

• shunting of cerebrospinal fluid and venous blood to make room for expanding brain tissue

• the brain can shift to make space but this is delicate and dangerous

• Cerebral edema

Answer

• increased brain water content
• intracellular or extracellular
• cytotoxic
• vasogenic
• interstitial
• osmotic

• Hydrocephalus 3 / 4

Answer

• increased CSF (dilated ventricles or imparied absorption or obstruction)

• anything that increases the intracranial contents can cause hydrocephalus

• Hydrocephalus causes

Answer

• CSF obstruction
• clogged arachnoid villi
• impaired CSF reabsorption
• SAH and TBI can be cause
• temporary vs long-term treatments

• Hematoma

Answer

• a collection of blood outside of blood vessels
• mostly clotted

• Hemorrhage

Answer

• active ongoing bleeding

• Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP)

Answer

• / 4