NURS 5463 Quiz 3 Study Guide UTA Latest

NURS 5463 Quiz 3 Study Guide UTA Latest Update - Sources with 160 Questions and Verified Correct Answers Golden Ticket to Guaranteed A+ Verified by Professor

4th Generation Immunoassay - CORRECT ANSWER: *Recommended test for

diagnosis*

• Combo test (Ag/Ab)
• Better at identifying Acute HIV infections than previous antibody only tests

2 Types:

• ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo Test i. Best at identifying Acute HIV Infections
• Determine HIV ½ Ag/ABi. Positive result does not differentiate between the detection

of an antibody or p24 antigen.

Abacavir (ABC or Ziagen) Side Effects - CORRECT ANSWER: - Hypersensitivity

reaction (HSR)

• Don't give when HLA-B-*5701 is positive
• Increases risk of MI in some studies

Acute HIV Infection Symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER: - Fever

• Lymphadenopathy
• Pharyngitis
• Rash
• Myalgias/arthralgias

- N/V/D

• Headache 1 / 4

• Hepatosplenomegaly
• Weight loss
• Thrush
• Neurologic symptoms

Acyclovir (Zovirax) - CORRECT ANSWER: *Antiviral agent*

Used for: HSV1, HSV2, varicella zoster infections, IV can treat HSV encephalitis

• Oral bioavailability is low
• Renally cleared, renal dosin required

Side Effects: Nephrotoxicity, crystalline nephropathy (Give IV with IV hydration), tremors, delirium, seizures, TTP, hemolytic uremic syndrome

AIDS Infection - CORRECT ANSWER: - Clinically defined as the presence of an AIDS defining illness and/or a CD4 count < 200

• Only takes 1 drop in a CD4 count below 200 to be assigned a diagnosis of AIDS

AIDS-Defining Illness - CORRECT ANSWER: - PCP, Toxoplasmosis, PML

• Disseminated MAC
• Kaposi's sarcoma, Lymphoma
• TB, Esophageal/Tracheal candida
• CMV infections, Histoplasmosis, invasive cervical cancer.
• Recurrent bacterial infections

Aminoglycosides - CORRECT ANSWER: *Streptomycin, Gentamicin, Tobramycin,

Amikacin, Kanamycin, Neomycin, Palzomycin*

-Protein synthesis inhibitors 2 / 4

• Most common indication is for treatment of serious infections caused by aerobic gram
• bacilli

- Coverage: Gram - bacteria including Klebsiellia, pseudomonas, acinetobacter;

moderate activity for gram + cocci, poor for anaerobes

Aminoglycosides Need-to-Know Facts - CORRECT ANSWER: - Good IV bioavailability,

poor oral bioavailability

• The higher the drug concentration, the more bacteria & faster it kills
• Renally cleared, renal dosing required
• Trend is toward daily dosing when creat. clearance > 60ml/min

Aminoglycosides Side Effects - CORRECT ANSWER: *Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity*

• Neomycin, tobramycin, gentamicin are most nephrotoxic
• Neomycin, Kanamycin, amikacin are most ototoxic
• *BBW* Neuromuscular blockade w/ resp. paralysis

Aminoglycosides: Amikacin - CORRECT ANSWER: Used for: HAP, meningitis, mycobacterium avium complex

Aminoglycosides: Gentamicin - CORRECT ANSWER: Used for: UTI, HAP, VAP, PID, meningitis, endocarditis, cholangitis, diverticulitis

Aminoglycosides: Palzomicin - CORRECT ANSWER: Used for: Complicated UTI

Aminoglycosides: Tobramycin - CORRECT ANSWER: Used for: Cholangitis, CNS shunt infections, cystic fibrosis, diverticulitis, endocarditis, HAP, VAP, PID

Amphotericin B - CORRECT ANSWER: - Binds with ergosterol, weakens cell membrane

& makes it more permeable, cell contents leak out

• Lipid formulations: AmBisome, Amphotec, Abelcet (developed to decrease toxicity) 3 / 4

- Used for: Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, histoplasma capsulatum,

aspergillis, blastomyces, coccidiodes immitis

• Dosing is weight-based

*BBW:* Only use for life-threatening fungal infections

Amphotericin B Side Effects - CORRECT ANSWER: - *Nephrotixicity*

• Infusion-related fever, chills, headaches, muscle spasms, hypotension, rigors
• Hypokalemia, hypomagnesmia, hyperchloremic acidosis, anemia, leukopenia
• Leukoencephalopathy

Ampicillin, Amoxicillin - CORRECT ANSWER: *Extended spectrum penicillin*

Used for: CAP, Otitis media, sinusitis, skin infections, UTI

Coverage: Gram + cocci, gram + rods, Listeria, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis

Ampicillin/Sulbactam & Amox/Clav - CORRECT ANSWER: *Extended spectrum

penicillin*

Used for: intra-abdominal infections (amnionitis, peritonitis, diverticulitis), pelvic infections, bite wounds, CAP, aspiration pna, UTI, endocarditis, CLABSIs

Coverage: Staphylococci, H. influenzae, N. gonorrhoeae, salmonella, shigella, E. Coli,

• pneumoniae, bacteriodes

Anaphylactic Shock Hemodynamics - CORRECT ANSWER: CO/CI: Low

CVP: Low

PCWP: Low

SVR: Low

• / 4