NURS5220 Exam 2 NURs 5220 Actual

NURS5220 Exam 2 NURs 5220 Actual Exam Questions and Correct Answers Rated A+

Mr. Santos is a 67-year-old patient who presents to your office. On examination, you palpate his prostate, noting that it is hard and irregular. The median sulcus is not palpable. These findings are

consistent with:

• prostate cancer.
• benign prostate hypertrophy.
• prostatitis.

D. a rectal mass. -ANSWER-A: CorrectWith cancer of the prostate, a

hard, irregular nodule may be palpable on prostate examination.

Mr. Mills, a 38-year-old patient, presents with severe rectal pain and fever. Which condition might be the cause of the symptoms?

• An imperforate anus
• A perianal abscess
• Benign prostatic hypertrophy

D. An anorectal fistula -ANSWER-B: CorrectPerianal abscess is an

infection of the soft tissues surrounding the anal canal, with formation of a discrete abscess cavity. Symptoms include tenderness, fever, and pain on defecation or with sitting or walking.

"Boggy, enlarged, and tender" on rectal examination is descriptive of which condition?

• Prostatitis

• Anorectal abscess
• Prostatic carcinoma

D. Rectal polyp -ANSWER-A: CorrectSeminal vesicles are often

involved in prostatitis and may be dilated and tender on palpation; however, the prostate may feel boggy, enlarged, and tender or have palpable areas of fibrosis that simulate neoplasm.

A newborn does not pass meconium in the first 24 hours after birth.Which problem must be suspected?

• Biliary atresia
• Cystic fibrosis
• Meckel diverticulum

D. Spinal bifida -ANSWER-B: CorrectIf there is no passage of stool in

24 hours in a newborn, suspect rectal atresia, Hirschsprung disease (congenital megacolon), or cystic fibrosis.

Enlargement of the prostate may cause:

• urinary retention.
• a forceful urinary stream.
• infertility.

D. prostate cancer. -ANSWER-A: CorrectSymptoms of an enlarged

prostate relate to urinary obstruction: hesitancy, decreased force and

caliber of stream, dribbling, incomplete emptying of the bladder, frequency, urgency, nocturia, and dysuria.

The primary function of the rectum is:

• formation of feces.
• absorption of water.
• the absorption of nutrients.

D. storage of feces. -ANSWER-D: CorrectAbove the anorectal

junction, the rectum dilates and turns posteriorly into the hollow of the coccyx and sacrum, forming the rectal ampulla, which stores flatus and feces.

Hemorrhoids are:

• ulcerations of the anal ring.
• varicose veins in the anal region.
• inflammatory lesions of the anal region.

D. precursors to rectal polyps. -ANSWER-B: CorrectExternal

hemorrhoids are varicose veins that originate below the anorectal line and are covered by anal skin. Internal hemorrhoids are varicose veins that originate above the anorectal junction and are covered by rectal mucosa.

Mrs. Jackman brings her 6-year-old daughter in for an office visit.While examining the perineum, you observe hemorrhoids. This finding

suggests:

• sexual abuse.
• chronic constipation.
• a diet high in fibrous foods.
• an underlying problem such as portal hypertension. -ANSWER-D;

Correct Hemorrhoids are rare in children, and their presence suggests a serious underlying problem such as portal hypertension.

When examining the prostate, you feel fluctuant softness. This finding

indicates:

• prostatic abscess.
• posterior rectal wall neoplasm.

• prostatic hypertrophy.

D. rectal prolapse. -ANSWER-A: Correct A prostatic abscess is felt as

a fluctuant mass in the prostate.

A patient tells the examiner that she has liquid stools containing small

flecks of blood stained mucous. Stools of this type result from:

• amebiasis.
• excessive fiber intake.
• excessive dietary beef.

D. insufficient fluid intake. -ANSWER-A: Small flecks of blood-stained

mucus in liquid feces are indicative of amebiasis.

Which examination finding in the child is a clue to the diagnosis of Hirsch sprung disease?

• Passing of frequent, loose stools in the absence of other symptoms
• A consistently empty rectum with a history of constipation
• Itching and irritation around the anus

D. Rectal prolapse -ANSWER-B: A consistently empty rectum in the

presence of constipation is a clue to the diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease.

In which situation would the examiner perform a rectal examination on an infant or child?

• A newborn infant passes a greenish-black viscous stool 12 hours

after birth.

• The mother of a 3-month-old baby describes the baby's stools as

"loose and golden yellow."