POLS 206 TAMU EXAM 1 ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH

POLS 206 TAMU EXAM 1 (ACTUAL / ) QUESTIONS WITH

VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS

The Civil Rights Cases (1883) - ---Answers----- 5 cases involving discriminations

• Court ruled Congress couldn't bar private acts of

discriminations

• Can only prohibit government acts of discrimination

Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) - ---Answers----- Legal protections against discrimination; extends protections of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to all citizens with physical or mental disabilities

• Make "reasonable accommodations" for workers with

disabilities and not discriminate against otherwise qualified workers with disabilities

Civil Rights Act of 1866 - ---Answers----- Enacted to invalidate many Black Codes

• Designed to protect civil rights of African-Americans

• Gave Congress power to intervene when states try to restrict

citizenship rights 1 / 3

• Johnson vetoed; congress overcame 2/3

Equal protection clause - ---Answers----- Declares that all people get the equal protection of the laws

Separate-but-equal doctrine - ---Answers----- Allowed separate facilities, public accommodations, housing, medical care, schools, employment and transportation along racial lines

• As long as the facilities were considered "equal in quality"

• More often than not, the pattern was to establish "separate"

accommodations, but they were rarely "equal"

Intermediate standard of review (Intermediate Scrutiny) - --- Answers----- Cases involving discrimination based on sex or gender

• Involved in cases with sexual orientation

-Must be "exceedingly persuasive" & related to "important governmental objective"

• Court willing to accept state law treating men and women

differently was a legitimate governmental purpose 2 / 3

Equal Pay Act of 1963 - ---Answers----- Requires equal pay for equal work

• There is still a significant gap between average men's

earning and women's

• Women make 80 cents on dollar on average

Civil Rights Act of 1964 - ---Answers----- Prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, or national

origin in:

• Public accommodations engaged in interstate commerce

• Employment
• Voter registration
• Schools

Poll tax - ---Answers----- Tax that had to be paid before an eligible voter could cast a ballot

Citizenship clause - ---Answers----- "All persons born or naturalized in the U.S., and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the U.S. and of the State wherein they reside."

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