PS 101 final exam Boston University spring23

PS 101 final exam Boston University spring23 Latest Update -180 Questions and 100% Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+

A cognitive therapist would try to help a patient change maladaptive behaviors by

changing that person's thought patterns. - CORRECT ANSWER: true

A history of significant childhood trauma—primarily sexual abuse—is frequently associated with which of the following?Generalized anxiety disorder Dissociative identity disorder Dissociative amnesia

Schizophrenia - CORRECT ANSWER: Dissociative identity disorder

Abnormal Behavior - CORRECT ANSWER: Behavior that is atypicality(Not normal),

dysfunctional, distressful, and dangerous, or socially unacceptable, or that produces emotional discomfort

Some psychologists believe that dysfunction may be the most important criterion for distinguishing mental health disorders.(not working in the society)

It is important to note that, to a certain extent, definitions of what is normal are both culturally based and era dependent.

Abraham suggested that mood disorders are rooted in an oral fixation. - CORRECT ANSWER: True, Abraham suggested that mood disorders are rooted in an oral fixation.From oral fixation, individuals develop ambivalent feelings toward their mothers, which eventually transfer to other loved ones so that they are unable to relate successfully to people they love. The consequence is a regression back to the oral level, where these individuals can direct their original love/hate ambivalence toward the self.

According to psychoanalysis, disordered behavior results from unconscious conflicts

and repressed urges. - CORRECT ANSWER: true

According to the principle of operant conditioning, we learn attitudes based on

reinforcement and punishment. - CORRECT ANSWER: true, operant conditioning

According to true consensus, when Raquita fails to laugh at our funny joke, we assume

she has no sense of humor. - CORRECT ANSWER: false, False consensus bias is an

attribution bias caused by the assumption that most people share our own attitudes and behaviors.

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Acquiring Attitudes - CORRECT ANSWER: As you might guess, attitudes are shaped

by experiences, including our observations of behavior (both other people's and our own); Pavlovian and operant conditioning; and direct experiences with the attitude object (the people, ideas, or things about which we hold attitudes).

Adonis is feeling tired, sad, and worthless. He is having trouble sleeping and has no interest in things lately. Adonis is probably suffering from depression. - CORRECT

ANSWER: true

After you refuse to give $500 to your alma mater, you agree to the request for $25

because they used the door-in-the-face technique. - CORRECT ANSWER: true

Agoraphobia - CORRECT ANSWER: often followed by panic disorder, An anxiety

disorder characterized by an intense fear of being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult or in which help might not be available, such as stores, theaters, and trains; often accompanies panic disorder

An attribution is a relatively enduring predisposition to respond in consistently favorable or unfavorable ways. - CORRECT ANSWER: false, Attitude is any learned, relatively enduring predisposition to respond in consistently favorable or unfavorable ways to certain people, groups, ideas, or situations.

Antidepressants - CORRECT ANSWER: Drugs used to treat major depressive disorder; includes the tricyclics, MAOIs, SNRIs, and SSRIs

These drugs are associated with sexual dysfunction, sedation, and weight gain.

Antimanic Drugs - CORRECT ANSWER: Drugs used to control the manic symptoms of

bipolar disorder and hypomania such as Lithium

Antipsychotic Drugs - CORRECT ANSWER: Drugs used to treat psychotic disorders,

such as schizophrenia

Unfortunately, sizable percentages (perhaps as many as 40 percent) of patients who take phenothiazine drugs develop a serious side effect called tardive dyskinesia (TD).This neurological disorder, which may occur months to years after drug therapy has commenced or has stopped, is typically manifested as uncontrollable muscular movements of the jaw, lips, and tongue.

(from video guy sticking his tung out)

Anxiety Disorder - CORRECT ANSWER: Any of a number of disorders that produce

pervasive feelings of anxiety

typically accompanied by a variety of physiological reactions including increased heart rate, rapid shallow breathing, sweating, muscle tension, and drying of the mouth 2 / 3

Anxiety differs from fear in one important respect. Fear has an obvious cause, and once that cause is eliminated, the fear will subside

Anxiolytic Drugs - CORRECT ANSWER: Drugs used to reduce symptoms of anxiety

and promote sleep; sometimes called minor tranquilizers

Anxiolytic is a class of psychoactive drug. - CORRECT ANSWER: true, The main

classes of psychoactive drugs include: antipsychotics, antidepressants, antimanics, anxiolytics, and stimulants. Haldol® is an example of an antipsychotic.

Approximately 10% of patients who take phenothiazine drugs develop a neurological disorder typically manifested as uncontrollable muscular movements of the jaw, lips,

and tongue. - CORRECT ANSWER: false, 40%

As an example of normative social influence of attitudes, Raegan changes her political affiliation based on the fact that her friends are ALL Republican, so she becomes one too. - CORRECT ANSWER: false, Normative social influence is conformity in which we conform not because of an actual change in our beliefs, but because we think that we will benefit in some way, such as gaining approval or avoiding rejection.

Asch conducted experiments in which six men gave the wrong answer and the seventh

was then likely to give the wrong answer. - CORRECT ANSWER: true

Asking your date about his/her interests serves the social identification purpose of attitudes. - CORRECT ANSWER: True, The attitudes we express sometimes allow us to identify with or gain approval from our peers

attitude - CORRECT ANSWER: Any learned, relatively enduring predisposition to

respond in consistently favorable or unfavorable ways to certain people, groups, ideas, or situations

Attitudes are strong predictors of behavior when attitudes are highly relevant to the behavior being considered and we are conscious of our attitudes. - CORRECT ANSWER: ture, The attitudes we express sometimes allow us to identify with or gain approval from our peers

Attribution Theories - CORRECT ANSWER: Theory that we attempt to make sense out

of other people's behavior by attributing it to either dispositional (internal) causes or situational (external) causes

For example, suppose you have recently begun dating someone you like very much, and the two of you spend a weekend visiting your date's parents. Much to your dismay, your friend acts like a different person—restrained, impersonal, and physically unresponsive. What has caused the change? If you attribute it to external factors (that your date is ill at ease around his or her parents) you are unlikely to feel that the

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