QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

NUR 521

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

PROFESSOR VERIFIED ALREADY

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◉ What are contraindications of anticholinergics? Answer: Peanut allergy after combivent

◉ What is the prototype drug of anticholinergics? Answer: Ipratropium (combivent) - acute effects

◉ What is another type of anticholinergic? Answer: Triotropium - not acute

◉ What is the PT of methyxanthines? Answer: Asthma, COPD, CAL

◉ What is the PD of methylxanthines? Answer: Relaxes smooth muscles of bronchi and CNS excitation

◉ What is the PK of methylxanthines? Answer: VERY narrow theraputic range 10-20mcg/mL; above 30mcg/mL very severe reactions; give slowly and monitor CBC

◉ What are some adverse effects of methylxanthines? Answer: CNS reactions and CV

◉ What are contraindications of methylxanthines? Answer: caffeine, CNS stimulators

◉ What are nursing roles for methylxanthines? Answer: Advise on caffeine intake, give slowly and monitor CBC

◉ What is the prototype drug of methylxanthines? Answer: Theophylline - similar to caffeine

◉ What is the PT for corticosteroids? Answer: Inhaler: prophylactic of chronic asthma

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◉ What is the PD for corticosteroids? Answer: Suppress entire immune system

◉ What is the PK for corticosteroids? Answer: Local: inhale, topical, nasal/eye drops

Systemic: IV, oral, IM

◉ What are some adverse effects of corticosteroids? Answer: Adrenal suppression, hyperglycemia, PUD, osteoporosis, infection, electrolyte imbalance, weight gain, edema, increased appetite

◉ What are the nursing roles with corticosteroids? Answer: Rinse mouth after taking inhaler, calcium and Vit D, dietary considerations related to weight loss and gain, benefits develop slowly, taper to W/D!!!!!

◉ What are contraindications of corticosteroids? Answer: NSAIDS, vaccines with live virus

◉ What are some examples of corticosteroids? Answer: Prednisone

◉ What are the nursing roles for antihistamines? Answer: Drink one glass of water, avoid grapefruit and alcohol, CNS affects, dehumidifier, renal clearance to determine ability

◉ What are some adverse effects of antihistamines? Answer: Increased risk for viral infections, nausea, vomiting

◉ List some 1st gen antihistamines. Answer: Chlorpheniramine, clemastine, diphenhydramine

◉ List some second gen. antihistamines. Answer: Cetirizine, loratadine, desloratidine

◉ What is the PT for expectorants? Answer: Relieves dry nonproductive cough, loosens secretions

◉ What is the PD for expectorants? Answer: Enhance output of respiratory tract secretions by reducing adhesiveness and surface tension in mucous

◉ What is the PK for expectorants? Answer: Oral, onset 30 min, duration 4-6 hrs

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